Uplink data transmission method and device

ABSTRACT

The disclosure includes an uplink data transmission method and device. The method includes: receiving, by a network device, a control symbol sent by a terminal device by using a control time-frequency resource, wherein the control symbol carries control information, wherein the control information indicates a data encoding scheme at the terminal device, wherein the control time-frequency resource belongs to a transmission resource that includes a data time-frequency resource, and wherein the control time-frequency resource and the data time-frequency resource are different; demodulating and decoding, at the network device, the control symbol to obtain the control information; and decoding, at the network device and according to the control information, a data symbol to obtain uplink data, wherein the data symbol is received from the terminal device by way of the data time-frequency resource.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.15/860,512, filed on Jan. 2, 2018, which is a continuation ofInternational Application No. PCT/CN2015/083099, filed on Jul. 1, 2015.All of the afore-mentioned patent applications are hereby incorporatedby reference in their entireties.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to the field of communicationstechnologies, and more specifically, relates to a data processing methodand device.

BACKGROUND

In a currently known uplink data transmission solution, encodingprocessing and modulation processing are performed on uplink data thatneeds to be sent to a network device by a terminal device, to obtainmodulation symbols. The network device performs demodulation processingand decoding processing on the received modulation symbols, to obtainthe uplink data.

To improve reliability of the solution, in the foregoing process, theterminal device and the network device need to use an encoding schemeand a decoding scheme that correspond to each other.

In an existing manner, an encoding scheme (or a decoding scheme) foruplink transmission is determined by a network device and then notifiedto a terminal device. That is, when determining to allocate atime-frequency resource for uplink transmission of the terminal device,the network device performs quality measurement on an uplink channelaccording to a pilot signal from the terminal device, determines,according to a measurement result, an encoding scheme to be used by theterminal device during uplink transmission on the uplink channel, andnotifies the terminal device of the encoding scheme.

However, in the existing manner, the terminal device can perform uplinktransmission only after obtaining the encoding scheme notified by thenetwork device. This affects flexibility of uplink transmission.

Therefore, a technology is required to improve flexibility of uplinktransmission.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of the present invention provide an uplink data transmissionmethod and device, to improve flexibility of uplink transmission.

According to a first aspect, an uplink data transmission method isprovided. The method includes an uplink data transmission method. Themethod includes the following steps: A network device receives a controlsymbol sent by a terminal device by using a control time-frequencyresource. The control symbol is generated after the terminal deviceperforms encoding and modulation processing on control informationaccording to a control encoding scheme and a control modulation schemethat are used by the terminal device. The control information is used toindicate a data encoding scheme used by the terminal device. The controltime-frequency resource belongs to a transmission resource that is usedfor uplink transmission. The transmission resource further includes adata time-frequency resource. The control time-frequency resource andthe data time-frequency resource are different. The network deviceperforms demodulation and decoding processing on the control symbolaccording to the control encoding scheme and the control modulationscheme that are used by the terminal device, to obtain the controlinformation. The network device performs, according to the controlinformation, decoding processing on a data symbol sent by the terminaldevice by using the data time-frequency resource, to obtain uplink data.The data symbol is generated after the terminal device performs encodingprocessing on the uplink data according to the data encoding scheme usedby the terminal device.

According to a second aspect, an uplink data transmission method isprovided. The method includes the following steps: A terminal deviceperforms encoding and modulation processing on control informationaccording to a control encoding scheme and a control modulation schemethat are used by the terminal device, to obtain a control symbol. Thecontrol information is used to indicate a data encoding scheme used bythe terminal device. The terminal device sends the control symbol to anetwork device by using a control time-frequency resource, and transmitsa data symbol to the network device by using a data time-frequencyresource. The control time-frequency resource and the datatime-frequency resource belong to a transmission resource that is usedfor uplink transmission. The control time-frequency resource and thedata time-frequency resource are different. The data symbol is generatedafter the terminal device performs encoding processing on uplink dataaccording to the data encoding scheme used by the terminal device.

According to a third aspect, an uplink data transmission device isprovided. The device includes a receiver and a processor connected tothe receiver. The processor is configured to control the receiver toreceive a control symbol sent by a terminal device by using a controltime-frequency resource. The control symbol is generated after theterminal device performs encoding and modulation processing on controlinformation according to a control encoding scheme and a controlmodulation scheme that are used by the terminal device. The controlinformation is used to indicate a data encoding scheme used by theterminal device. The control time-frequency resource belongs to atransmission resource that is used for uplink transmission. Thetransmission resource further includes a data time-frequency resource.The control time-frequency resource and the data time-frequency resourceare different. The processor is configured to perform demodulation anddecoding processing on the control symbol according to the controlencoding scheme and the control modulation scheme that are used by theterminal device, to obtain the control information. The processor isconfigured to perform, according to the control information, decodingprocessing on a data symbol sent by the terminal device by using thedata time-frequency resource, to obtain uplink data. The data symbol isgenerated after the terminal device performs encoding processing on theuplink data according to the data encoding scheme used by the terminaldevice.

According to a fourth aspect, an uplink data transmission device isprovided. The device includes a transmitter and a processor connected tothe transmitter. The processor is configured to perform encoding andmodulation processing on control information according to a controlencoding scheme and a control modulation scheme that are used by thedevice, to obtain a control symbol. The control information is used toindicate a data encoding scheme used by the device. The processor isconfigured to control the transmitter to send the control symbol to anetwork device by using a control time-frequency resource, and to send adata symbol to the network device by using a data time-frequencyresource. The control time-frequency resource and the datatime-frequency resource belong to a transmission resource that is usedfor uplink transmission. The control time-frequency resource and thedata time-frequency resource are different. The data symbol is generatedafter the device performs encoding processing on uplink data accordingto the data encoding scheme used by the device.

According to the uplink data transmission method and device in theembodiments of the present invention, a time-frequency resource used foruplink transmission is divided into a control time-frequency resourceand a data time-frequency resource. A network device and a terminaldevice agree to use a control encoding scheme and a control modulationscheme that are specific to information carried on the controltime-frequency resource. After determining a data encoding schemespecific to uplink data, the terminal device performs, according to theagreed control encoding scheme and control modulation scheme, encodingprocessing and modulation processing on control information thatindicates the data encoding scheme, to generate a control symbol.Correspondingly, the network device can perform demodulation processingand decoding processing on the control symbol according to the agreedcontrol encoding scheme and control modulation scheme, to obtain thecontrol information, and determine the uplink data encoding schemeindicated by the control information. This can implement negotiation ofan uplink data encoding scheme without notification from the networkdevice, and improve flexibility of uplink transmission.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communications system to which anuplink data transmission method of the present invention is applicable;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of an uplink data transmission methodaccording to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a time-frequency resource used forgrant-free transmission according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an example of distribution of a controltime-frequency resource and a data time-frequency resource;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an uplink transmission encoding processaccording to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an LDS mapping process according to anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of an uplink data transmission methodaccording to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink data transmissionapparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink data transmissionapparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink data transmissiondevice according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink data transmissiondevice according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The following clearly describes the technical solutions in theembodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanyingdrawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, thedescribed embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of thepresent invention. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinaryskill in the art based on the embodiments of the present inventionwithout creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of thepresent invention.

Terms such as “component”, “module”, and “system” used in thisspecification are used to indicate computer-related entities, hardware,firmware, combinations of hardware and software, software, or softwarebeing executed. For example, a component may be but is not limited to aprocess that runs on a processor, a processor, an object, an executablefile, a thread of execution, a program, and/or a computer. As shown infigures, both a computing device and an application that runs on acomputing device may be components. One or more components may residewithin a process and/or a thread of execution, and a component may belocated on one computer and/or distributed between two or morecomputers. In addition, these components may be executed from variouscomputer-readable media that store various data structures. For example,the components may communicate by using a local and/or remote processand according to, for example, a signal having one or more data packets(such as data from a component interacting with another component in alocal system, a distributed system, and/or across a network such as theInternet interacting with other systems by using the signal).

Solutions of the embodiments of the present invention can be applied toan existing cellular communications system, such as a Global System forMobile Communications (English full name: Global System for MobileCommunications, “GSM” for short) system, a Wideband Code DivisionMultiple Access (English full name: Wideband Code Division MultipleAccess, “WCDMA” for short) system, a Wideband Code Division MultipleAccess (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, “WCDMA” for short)system, a Long Term Evolution (English full name: Long Term Evolution,“LTE” for short) system, and support mainly voice and datacommunication. Generally, a limited quantity of connections is supportedby a conventional base station, and implementation is easy.

A next-generation mobile communications system not only supportsconventional communication, but also supports M2M (English full name:Machine to Machine) communication, which may also be referred to as MTC(English full name: Machine Type Communication). It is predicted that aquantity of MTC devices connected to networks will be up to 50 billionto 100 billion by 2020. This quantity will be far greater than aquantity of existing connections. M2M services are diverse in servicetypes, and different types of M2M services have quite different networkrequirements. Roughly, there may be the following several requirements:

reliable delay-insensitive transmission; and

highly reliable low-delay transmission.

A service that needs reliable delay-insensitive transmission isrelatively easy to process. However, a service that needs highlyreliable low-delay transmission, such as a V2V (English full name:Vehicle-to-Vehicle) service, needs not only a low transmission delay butalso high reliability. Unreliable transmission causes retransmission. Asa result, the transmission delay becomes excessively high, andrequirements cannot be met.

Existence of a large quantity of connections makes a future wirelesscommunications system differ greatly from an existing communicationssystem. Because of the large quantity of connections, more resourcesneed to be consumed for a terminal device to access, and more resourcesneed to be consumed for transmission of scheduling signaling related todata transmission of a terminal device. According to the solutions ofthe embodiments of the present invention, the problem of resourceconsumption can be effectively resolved.

Optionally, the network device is a base station, and the terminaldevice is user equipment.

The present invention describes the embodiments with reference to aterminal device. The terminal device may be referred to as userequipment (UE, user equipment), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, asubscriber station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remoteterminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal, a wirelesscommunications device, a user agent, or a user apparatus. The terminaldevice may be an ST (STATION, station) in a WLAN (Wireless Local AreaNetwork, wireless local area network), a cellular phone, a cordlessphone, a SIP (Session Initiation Protocol, Session Initiation Protocol)phone, a WLL (Wireless Local Loop, wireless local loop) station, a PDA(Personal Digital Assistant, personal digital assistant), a handhelddevice having a wireless communication function, a computing device,another processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicledevice, a wearable device, a terminal device in a future 5G network or aterminal device in a future evolved PLMN network, or the like.

In addition, the present invention describes the embodiments withreference to a network device. The network device may be a deviceconfigured to communicate with a mobile device. The network device maybe an AP (ACCESS POINT, access point) in a WLAN (Wireless Local AreaNetworks, wireless local area network), a BTS (Base Transceiver Station,base transceiver station) in the GSM or CDMA (Code Division MultipleAccess, Code Division Multiple Access), an NB (NodeB, NodeB) in theWCDMA, an eNB or eNodeB (Evolved NodeB, evolved NodeB) in the LTE (LongTerm Evolution, Long Term Evolution), a relay node or an access point,an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a network device in a future 5Gnetwork or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network, or thelike.

In addition, aspects or features of the present invention may beimplemented as a method, an apparatus, or a product that uses standardprogramming and/or engineering technologies. The term “product” used inthis application covers a computer program that can be accessed from anycomputer-readable component, carrier, or medium. For example, thecomputer-readable medium may include but is not limited to a magneticstorage component (such as a hard disk, a floppy disk, or a magnetictape), an optical disc (such as a CD (Compact Disc, compact disc), or aDVD (Digital Versatile Disc, digital versatile disc), and a smart cardand a flash memory component (such as an EPROM (Erasable ProgrammableRead-Only Memory, erasable programmable read-only memory), a card, astick, or a key drive). In addition, various storage media described inthis specification may indicate one or more devices and/or othermachine-readable media configured to store information. The term“machine-readable media” may include but is not limited to a radiochannel and various other media that can store, contain and/or carry aninstruction and/or data.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communications system 100 to which anuplink data transmission method of the present invention is applicable.As shown in FIG. 1, the communications system 100 includes a networkdevice 102. The network device 102 may include multiple antennas such asantennas 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, and 114. In addition, the networkdevice 102 may additionally include a transmitter chain and a receiverchain. Persons of ordinary skill in the art may understand that both thetransmitter chain and the receiver chain may include multiple components(for example, a processor, a modulator, a multiplexer, a demodulator, ademultiplxer, or an antenna) related to signal transmission andreception.

The network device 102 may communicate with multiple terminal devices(for example, a terminal device 116 and a terminal device 122). However,it can be understood that the network device 102 may communicate withany quantity of terminal devices similar to the terminal device 116 or122. The terminal devices 116 and 122 may be, for example, a cellularphone, a smartphone, a portable computer, a handheld communicationsdevice, a handheld computing device, a satellite radio apparatus, aglobal positioning system, a PDA, and/or any other appropriate devicesthat are used for communication in the wireless communications system100.

As shown in FIG. 1, the terminal device 116 communicates with theantennas 112 and 114. The antennas 112 and 114 send information to theterminal device 116 by using a forward link 118, and receive informationfrom the terminal device 116 by using a reverse link 120. In addition,the terminal device 122 communicates with the antennas 104 and 106. Theantennas 104 and 106 send information to the terminal device 122 byusing a forward link 124, and receive information from the terminaldevice 122 by using a reverse link 126.

For example, in a frequency division duplex (FDD, Frequency DivisionDuplex) system, the forward link 118 may use a frequency band differentfrom that used by the reverse link 120, and the forward link 124 may usea frequency band different from that used by the reverse link 126.

For another example, in a time division duplex (TDD, Time DivisionDuplex) system and a full duplex (Full Duplex) system, the forward link118 and the reverse link 120 may use a same frequency band, and theforward link 124 and the reverse link 126 may use a same frequency band.

Each antenna (or each antenna set including multiple antennas) and/oreach region designed for communication are/is referred to as a sector ofthe network device 102. For example, an antenna set may be designed tocommunicate with a terminal device in a sector of a coverage region ofthe network device 102. When the network device 102 communicates withthe terminal devices 116 and 122 by using the forward links 118 and 124respectively, a transmit antenna of the network device 102 may improvesignal-to-noise ratios of the forward links 118 and 124 by means ofbeamforming. In addition, compared with a manner in which a networkdevice sends a signal to all terminal devices of the network device byusing a single antenna, when the network device 102 sends a signal torandomly dispersed terminal devices 116 and 122 in a related coverageregion by means of beamforming, a mobile device in a neighboring cellreceives less interference.

At a given time, the network device 102, the terminal device 116, or theterminal device 122 may be a wireless communications sending apparatusand/or a wireless communications receiving apparatus. When sending data,the wireless communications sending apparatus may encode the data fortransmission. Specifically, the wireless communications sendingapparatus may obtain (for example, generate, receive from anothercommunications apparatus, or store in a memory) a particular quantity ofdata bits to be sent to the wireless communications receiving apparatusby using a channel. The data bits may be included in a data transportblock (or multiple transport blocks), and the transport block may besegmented to generate multiple code blocks.

In addition, the communications system 100 may be a public land mobilenetwork (English full name: Public Land Mobile Network, “PLMN” forshort), a D2D network, an M2M network, or another network. FIG. 1 ismerely an example of a simplified schematic diagram. The network mayfurther include another network device that is not shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of an uplink data transmission method200 according to an embodiment of the present invention from aperspective of a network device. As shown in FIG. 2, the method 200includes the following steps:

S210. The network device receives a control symbol sent by a terminaldevice by using a control time-frequency resource, where the controlsymbol is generated after the terminal device performs encoding andmodulation processing on control information according to a controlencoding scheme and a control modulation scheme that are used by theterminal device, the control information is used to indicate a dataencoding scheme used by the terminal device, the control time-frequencyresource belongs to a transmission resource that is used for uplinktransmission, the transmission resource further includes a datatime-frequency resource, and the control time-frequency resource and thedata time-frequency resource are different.

S220. Perform demodulation and decoding processing on the control symbolaccording to the control encoding scheme and the control modulationscheme that are used by the terminal device, to obtain the controlinformation.

S230. Perform, according to the control information, decoding processingon a data symbol sent by the terminal device by using the datatime-frequency resource, to obtain uplink data, where the data symbol isgenerated after the terminal device performs encoding processing on theuplink data according to the data encoding scheme used by the terminaldevice.

Optionally, the data symbol is sent by the terminal device to thenetwork device in a grant-free transmission mode. The grant-freetransmission means that the network device preallocates multipletransmission resources and notifies the terminal device of the multipletransmission resources, so that the terminal device selects at least onetransmission resource from the multiple transmission resources whenhaving an uplink data transmission requirement, and sends the uplinkdata by using the selected transmission resource.

Specifically, in recent years, researchers propose an uplink grant-free(Grant-free) transmission solution to resolve a series of problemscaused by access of a massive quantity of users. The method 200 in thisembodiment of the present invention can be used during uplinktransmission that is based on the grant-free (that is, using agrant-free transmission resource) solution.

Grant-free refers to a method that user data uplink transmission can beimplemented on a public land mobile network (Public Land Mobile Network)without dynamic scheduling performed by a network device. Specifically,in the method, a user uses, according to different services or on aspecified time-frequency resource, a data transmission manner (forexample, a pilot and data are transmitted together) supported by thetime-frequency resource including a code domain resource, a pilotresource, and the like, to reduce network signaling and a transmissiondelay.

To deal with a large quantity of MTC services in a future network and tomeet a requirement of highly reliable low-delay transmission ofservices, a grant-free transmission solution is provided in the patent.Grant-free transmission herein may be specific to uplink datatransmission. Grant-free transmission may be understood as one or moreof the following meanings, or a combination of some technical featuresin multiple meanings, or another similar meaning:

Grant-free transmission: A network device preallocates multipletransmission resources and notifies a terminal device of the multipletransmission resources. When having an uplink data transmissionrequirement, the terminal device selects at least one transmissionresource from the multiple transmission resources preallocated by thenetwork device, and sends uplink data by using the selected transmissionresource. The network device detects, on one or more of the preallocatedmultiple transmission resources, the uplink data sent by the terminaldevice. The detection may be blind detection, may be detection performedaccording to a control field in the uplink data, or may be detectionperformed in another manner.

Grant-free transmission: A network device preallocates multipletransmission resources and notifies a terminal device of the multipletransmission resources. When having an uplink data transmissionrequirement, the terminal device selects at least one transmissionresource from the multiple transmission resources preallocated by thenetwork device, and sends uplink data by using the selected transmissionresource.

Grant-free transmission: Information about preallocated multipletransmission resources is obtained. When there is an uplink datatransmission requirement, at least one transmission resource is selectedfrom the multiple transmission resources, and uplink data is sent byusing the selected transmission resource. The information may beobtained from a network device.

Grant-free transmission may refer to a method for transmitting uplinkdata by a terminal device without dynamic scheduling performed by anetwork device. The dynamic scheduling may be a scheduling manner inwhich the network device indicates, by using signaling, a transmissionresource for each uplink data transmission of the terminal device.Optionally, it may be understood that implementation of uplink datatransmission of the terminal device means that two or more terminaldevices are allowed to perform uplink data transmission on a sametime-frequency resource. Optionally, the transmission resource may be aresource transmitted at one or more transmission time units that areafter a moment at which UE receives the signaling. One transmission timeunit may be a minimum time unit for one transmission, for example, atransmission time interval (English full name: Transmission TimeInterval, “TTI” for short) with a value of 1 ms. Alternatively, onetransmission time unit may be a preset transmission time unit.

Grant-free transmission: A terminal device transmits uplink data withouta grant from a network device. For the meaning of the grant, a terminaldevice transmits an uplink scheduling request to a network device, andafter receiving the scheduling request, the network device sends anuplink grant to the terminal device, and the uplink grant indicates anuplink transmission resource allocated to the terminal device.

Grant-free transmission may refer to a contention transmission mode inwhich specifically multiple terminals simultaneously transmit uplinkdata on a same preallocated time-frequency resource without a grant froma base station.

The data may include service data or signaling data.

The blind detection may be understood as detection performed, when it isnot predicted whether data has arrived, on data that may arrive. Theblind detection may also be understood as detection performed without anexplicit signaling indication.

The transmission resource may include but is not limited to one or acombination of the following resources:

α. a time domain resource, such as a radio frame, a subframe, or asymbol;

β. a frequency domain resource, such as a subcarrier or a resourceblock;

γ. a space domain resource, such as a transmit antenna or a beam;

θ. a code domain resource, such as a sparse code multiple access(English full name: Sparse Code Multiple Access, SCMA for short)codebook, a low-density signature (English full name: Low DensitySignature, LDS for short) sequence, or a CDMA code; or

δ. an uplink pilot resource.

The transmission resources may be used for transmission according to acontrol mechanism that includes but is not limited to the following:

a. uplink power control, such as uplink transmit power upper-limitcontrol;

b. modulation and encoding scheme setting, such as a transport blocksize setting, a bit rate setting, and a modulation order setting; or

c. a retransmission mechanism, such as a HARQ mechanism.

A contention transmission unit (English full name: ContentionTransmission Unit, CTU for short) may be a basic transmission resourcein grant-free transmission. The CTU may be a transmission resourceincluding a time resource, a frequency resource, and a code domainresource; may refer to a transmission resource including a timeresource, a frequency resource, and a pilot resource; or may refer to atransmission resource including a time resource, a frequency resource, acode domain resource, and a pilot resource.

A CTU access region may be a time-frequency region corresponding to theCTU.

The application with Patent No. PCT/CN2014/073084 and entitled “Systemand Method for Uplink Grant-free Transmission Scheme” provides atechnical solution for uplink grant-free transmission. The applicationPCT/CN2014/073084 describes that a radio resource can be divided intovarious CTUs, and that UE is mapped to a CTU. A group of codes may beallocated to each CTU. The allocated group of codes may be a group ofCDMA codes, an SCMA codebook set, an LDS sequence group, a signature(signature) group, or the like. Each code may be corresponding to agroup of pilots. A UE may select a code and a pilot in a pilot groupcorresponding to the code to perform uplink transmission. It can be alsounderstood that content of the application PCT/CN2014/073084 isincorporated by reference and is used as a part of this embodiment ofthe present invention. Details are not further described.

In a communications system to which the method 200 is applicable, theremay be multiple (two or more) terminal devices. Each terminal deviceindependently selects, according to the grant-free solution, agrant-free transmission resource to send uplink data to a networkdevice. In addition, pilots may be in a one-to-one correspondence totransmission resources (or grant-free resources). The network device maylearn of, according to a pilot selected by each terminal device, atransmission resource selected by the terminal device.

Optionally, the control time-frequency resource and the datatime-frequency resource that are used by the terminal device belong to atime-frequency resource corresponding to a contention transmission unitCTU used by the terminal device during uplink transmission.

Specifically, in a current grant-free solution, it is defined that theCTU is used as a unit carrying information. User equipment maps data tothe CTU according to a rule to complete uplink data transmission. A basestation side performs blind detection on the CTU resource to restorecarried user data.

FIG. 3 shows that an available bandwidth is divided into time-frequencyregions of four contention access regions (also referred to as CTUaccess regions), that is, CTU access regions (CTU access region) 310,320, 330, and 340. Each CTU access region may occupy a predeterminedquantity of resource blocks (Resource Block). For example, in theembodiment of FIG. 3, the CTU access region 310 includes four RBs: RB1,RB2, RB3, and RB4. This embodiment of the present invention is notlimited thereto. For example, different contention access regions mayinclude different quantities of RBs. In FIG. 3, each CTU access regioncan support 36 UEs contending for 36 CTUs defined in the CTU accessregion. Each CTU is a combination of a time domain resource, a frequencydomain resource, a code domain resource, and a pilot. The code domainresource includes a CDMA code, an SCMA code, an LDS sequence, anothersignature (signature), or the like. Each contention access regionoccupies one time-frequency resource region. Each time-frequencyresource region supports six code domain resources (51 to S6), and eachcode domain resource is mapped to six pilots. Therefore, a total of 36pilots (P1 to P36) are generated. The network device may use a pilot ora code domain resource decorrelator to detect or decode a signal sent ona CTU by each UE.

When entering a coverage area of a source network device, the terminaldevice may receive higher layer signaling sent by the network device.The higher layer signaling may carry a CTU access region definition (CTUaccess region definition), a total quantity of CTUs, a default mappingrule, and the like. Alternatively, the terminal device may preconfigurea default mapping rule. The terminal device may determine an appropriateCTU and perform grant-free transmission on the CTU. When differentterminal devices perform grant-free transmission on a same CTU, that is,contending for a same CTU, a conflict occurs. The terminal device maydetermine, according to an indication of the network device, whetherthere is a conflict. For example, an asynchronous HARQ method may beused to resolve a problem caused by the conflict. However, if a quantityof conflicts exceeds a predetermined threshold, the network device maybe requested to remap a CTU. The network device sends information aboutthe remapped CTU to the terminal device, so that the terminal deviceperforms grant-free transmission on the remapped CTU.

It should be understood that, for ease of description, FIG. 3 shows fourCTU access regions. This embodiment of the present invention is notlimited thereto. More or less CTU access regions may be definedaccording to requirements.

The foregoing enumerated manner in which one CTU access region ismultiplexed by multiple terminal devices is merely an example fordescription. The present invention is not limited thereto. For example,when a few terminal devices exist in a system, one CTU access region maybe used by only one terminal device for uplink transmission.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the CTU access region maybe used as the control time-frequency resource or the datatime-frequency resource.

For ease of understanding and description, by way of example but notlimitation, uplink transmission based on a CTU access region is usedbelow to describe in detail a process of the method 200.

In this embodiment of the present invention, a time-frequency resource(that is, an example of a transmission resource) for uplink transmission(grant-free transmission) may be divided into two parts: a datatime-frequency resource and a control time-frequency resource.

The data time-frequency resource is used to carry data, andspecifically, is used to generate a modulation symbol (that is, anexample of a data symbol) after encoding processing and modulationprocessing are performed on the data.

The control time-frequency resource is used to carry controlinformation, and specifically, is used to generate a modulation symbol(that is, an example of a control symbol) after encoding processing andmodulation processing are performed on the control information. Afunction of the control information is described in detail as follows.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the data time-frequencyresource and the control time-frequency resource are mutually different.In addition, locations of the data time-frequency resource and thecontrol time-frequency resource may be set at random. The presentinvention is not specifically limited thereto. As shown in FIG. 4, forexample, control time-frequency resources may be continuouslydistributed among the time-frequency resource in this embodiment of thepresent invention; or control time-frequency resources may be discretelydistributed among the time-frequency resource in this embodiment of thepresent invention.

It should be understood that distribution of control time-frequencyresources and data time-frequency resources in FIG. 4 is merely anexample for description. The present invention is not limited thereto,provided that locations of the control time-frequency resources orlocations of the data time-frequency resources determined by the networkdevice are the same as that determined by the terminal device.

The following describes in detail a manner in which the network deviceor the terminal device differentiates between a control time-frequencyresource and a data time-frequency resource from a time-frequencyresource provided by a system for uplink transmission.

Optionally, the method further includes:

sending indication information of the control time-frequency resource tothe terminal device, where the indication information of the controltime-frequency resource is used to indicate a location of the controltime-frequency resource in multiple time-frequency resources included inthe transmission resource.

Specifically, in this embodiment of the present invention, the networkdevice may determine control time-frequency resources (or datatime-frequency resources) in the time-frequency resource provided by thesystem for uplink transmission, and delivers information (that is, anexample of the indication information of the control time-frequencyresources) about locations of the control time-frequency resources (orthe data time-frequency resources) to the terminal device.

For example, in this embodiment of the present invention, thetime-frequency resources provided by the system for uplink transmissionmay be numbered. In addition, the network device may deliver a number(that is, an example of the indication information of the controltime-frequency resource) of the control time-frequency resource (or thedata time-frequency resource) to the terminal device. In this way, theterminal device may determine that a time-frequency resourcecorresponding to the received number is the control time-frequencyresource (or the data time-frequency resource).

In addition, in this embodiment of the present invention, a time atwhich the indication information of the control time-frequency resourceis delivered may be determined at random, provided that the terminaldevice can obtain the indication information of the controltime-frequency resource before performing uplink transmission. Forexample, the network device may periodically deliver the indicationinformation of the control time-frequency resource to the terminaldevice by using a broadcast message or the like. For another example,when the terminal device is connected to the network device, the networkdevice may deliver the indication information of the controltime-frequency resource to the terminal device by using a broadcastmessage or the like.

Optionally, the indication information of the control time-frequencyresource is specifically used to indicate that multiple controltime-frequency resources are discretely distributed among thetime-frequency resource.

Specifically, when the control time-frequency resources can bediscretely distributed among the time-frequency resource, the networkdevice may further indicate discrete distribution according to theindication information of the control time-frequency resource. Forexample, one bit such as “0” may be used to indicate that the controltime-frequency resources are discretely distributed. In addition, theindication information of the control time-frequency resources mayfurther indicate a discretion degree N of the control time-frequencyresources, and the network device or the terminal device may determinethe control time-frequency resources according to the following formula:

RE _(index)(m)=Ngn,m∈[0,1, . . . ,M]

where RE_(index) (m) represents a number of a control time-frequencyresource, and M represents a total quantity of time-frequency resourcesprovided by the system for uplink transmission.

Optionally, the indication information of the multiple controltime-frequency resource is specifically used to indicate that thecontrol time-frequency resources are discretely distributed among thetime-frequency resource.

Specifically, when the control time-frequency resources can becontinuously distributed among the time-frequency resource, the networkdevice may further indicate continuous distribution by using theindication information of the control time-frequency resource. Forexample, one bit such as “1” may be used to represent that the controltime-frequency resources are continuously distributed.

It should be understood that the foregoing enumerated manner in whichthe network device or the terminal device differentiates between thecontrol time-frequency resource and the data time-frequency resourcefrom the time-frequency resource provided by the system for uplinktransmission is merely an example for description. The present inventionis not limited thereto. For example, in this embodiment of the presentinvention, control time-frequency resources and data time-frequencyresources in the time-frequency resources may be stipulated in astandard. For another example, in this embodiment of the presentinvention, a network administrator or an operator may notify the networkdevice or the terminal device in advance of control time-frequencyresources and data time-frequency resources in the time-frequencyresources.

The following describes in detail a function of the control informationtransmitted by using the control time-frequency resource.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the control information maybe used to indicate a data encoding scheme. The data encoding scheme isan encoding scheme used when the terminal device performs encodingprocessing on uplink data. In this way, the network device may performdecoding processing on the data symbol according to the data encodingscheme indicated by the control information.

First, content of the data encoding scheme is described.

Optionally, the data encoding scheme includes a bit rate used whenencoding processing is performed on the uplink data.

Specifically, in this embodiment of the present invention, the encodingscheme may include the bit rate used during encoding processing.

It should be understood that the foregoing enumerated parameter orphysical quantity used in the encoding scheme is merely an example fordescription. The present invention is not limited thereto. For example,the encoding scheme may further include a type of encoding, such asTurbo (Turbo) coding, convolutional coding (Convolutional coding), polar(Polar) coding.

In addition to the data encoding scheme, the network device may furtherneed to learn of a modulation scheme (that is, a data modulation scheme)used when the terminal device performs modulation processing on theuplink data, so as to ensure reliability of uplink data transmission.That is, optionally, the method further includes:

performing demodulation processing on the data symbol according to adata modulation scheme used by the terminal device, to obtain the uplinkdata, where the data symbol is generated after the terminal deviceperforms modulation processing on the uplink data according to the datamodulation scheme used by the terminal device.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the network device or theterminal device may determine the data modulation scheme in thefollowing enumerated manners:

Manner 1

Optionally, the control information is further used to indicate the datamodulation scheme.

Specifically, in this embodiment of the present invention, the controlinformation may be used to indicate the data modulation scheme. The datamodulation scheme is a modulation scheme used when the terminal deviceperforms modulation processing on uplink data. In this way, the networkdevice may perform demodulation processing on the data symbol accordingto the data modulation scheme indicated by the control information.

Manner 2

Optionally, the control modulation scheme and the data modulation schemeare the same.

Specifically, in this embodiment of the present invention, the controlmodulation scheme and the data modulation scheme are the same.Therefore, after determining the control modulation scheme (thedetermining process is described in detail hereinafter), the terminaldevice may perform modulation processing on uplink data by using thesame scheme. Correspondingly, after determining the control modulationscheme, the network device may perform demodulation processing on a datasymbol by using the same scheme.

Manner 3

Optionally, the data modulation scheme is determined according to apilot resource used by the terminal device.

Specifically, in this embodiment of the present invention, the datamodulation scheme may be in a mapping relationship with a pilot resourceprovided by the system. Therefore, the network device or the terminaldevice may determine the data modulation scheme according to a pilotselected by the terminal device.

It should be understood that the foregoing enumerated methods fordetermining the data modulation scheme are merely examples fordescription. The present invention is not limited thereto. All othersolutions used to make the data demodulation scheme determined by thenetwork device the same as that determined by the terminal device fallwithin the protection scope of the present invention. For example, thedata modulation scheme may be in a mapping relationship with a deviceidentifier of the terminal device. Therefore, the network device or theterminal device may determine the data modulation scheme according tothe identifier of the terminal device.

Manner 1 to manner 3 may be used individually or may be used together.The present invention is not specifically limited thereto.

Content of the data modulation scheme is described below.

Optionally, the data modulation scheme includes at least one of amodulation order or a code domain resource used when modulationprocessing is performed on the uplink data.

Specifically, in this embodiment of the present invention, themodulation scheme may include at least one of the modulation order orthe code domain resource used in modulation processing.

For example, when a communications system uses only one code domainresource, the data modulation scheme may include only the modulationorder.

For another example, when a communications system uses only onemodulation order, the data modulation scheme may include only the codedomain resource.

For another example, when a communications system can use multiplemodulation orders and multiple code domain resources, the datamodulation scheme may include both the modulation order and the codedomain resource.

The code domain resource is described below.

Optionally, the code domain resource includes a sparse code multipleaccess SCMA codebook, a low-density signature LDS sequence, or a CodeDivision Multiple Access CDMA code.

Specifically, in this embodiment of the present invention, the SCMAcodebook, the LDS sequence, or the CDMA code may be used as the codedomain resource. It should be understood that the foregoing enumeratedspecific examples of code domain resources are merely examples fordescription. The present invention is not limited thereto. All othercodebooks that can be used for transmission fall within the protectionscope of the present invention.

Optionally, the SCMA codebook includes at least two code words. The SCMAcodebook is used to indicate a mapping relationship between at least twodata combinations and the at least two code words. The code word is amulti-dimensional complex number vector, and is used to indicate amapping relationship between data and multiple modulation symbols. Themodulation symbol includes at least one zero modulation symbol and atleast one non-zero modulation symbol.

Specifically, sparse code multiple access (SCMA, Sparse Code MultipleAccess) is a non-orthogonal multiple access technology. Certainly,persons skilled in the art may refer to this technology as anothertechnical name instead of SCMA. In the technology, a codebook is used totransmit multiple different data streams on a same transmissionresource. Different data streams use different codebooks to improveresource utilization. The data streams may come from a same terminaldevice or from different terminal devices.

The codebook used in the SCMA is a set of two or more code words.

A code word may be a multi-dimensional complex number vector having twoor more dimensions, and is used to represent a mapping relationshipbetween data and two or more modulation symbols. The mappingrelationship may be a direct mapping relationship. The modulation symbolincludes at least one zero modulation symbol and at least one non-zeromodulation symbol, and the data may be binary bit data or non-binarydata. Optionally, a relationship between the zero modulation symbol andthe non-zero modulation symbol may be that a quantity of zero modulationsymbols is not less than that of non-zero modulation symbols.

A codebook includes two or more code words. The codebook may represent amapping relationship between a possible data combination of data of aspecific length and a code word in the codebook. The mappingrelationship may be a direct mapping relationship.

With the SCMA technology, data in a data stream is directly mapped to acode word, that is, a multi-dimensional complex number vector, in acodebook according to a mapping relationship, so that data is spread andsent on multiple resource units. The direct mapping relationship in theSCMA technology may be understood as follows: Mapping the data in thedata stream to an intermediate modulation symbol is not required oranother intermediate processing process is not required. The data hereinmay be binary bit data or non-binary data. The multiple resource unitsmay be resource units in a time domain, a frequency domain, a spacedomain, a time-frequency domain, a time-space domain, or atime-frequency-space domain.

Code words used in the SCMA may be sparse. For example, a quantity ofzero elements in the code word may be not less than a quantity ofmodulation symbols, so that a receive end can perform relativelylow-complexity decoding by using multi-user detection technology.Herein, the relationship enumerated above between the quantity of zeroelements and the quantity of modulation symbols is merely an example ofsparseness description. The present invention is not limited thereto. Aratio of the quantity of zero elements to the quantity of non-zeroelements may be set at random.

In a communications system using the SCMA, multiple users multiplex asame time-frequency resource block to perform data transmission. Eachresource block includes multiple resource REs. The RE herein may be asubcarrier-symbol unit in an OFDM technology, or may be a resource unitin the time domain or the frequency domain in another air interfacetechnology. For example, in an SCMA system including L terminal devices,available resources are divided into several orthogonal time-frequencyresource blocks, and each resource block includes U REs. The U REs mayhave a same location in the time domain. When sending data, first, aterminal device # L divides the to-be-sent data into data blocks of asize of S bits, and maps, by searching a codebook (which is determinedby the network device and delivered to the terminal device), all datablocks to a modulation symbol sequence including U modulation symbols: X# L={X # L₁, X # L₂, . . . , X # Lu}. Each modulation symbol in thesequence is corresponding to one RE in the resource block. Then, asignal waveform is generated according to the modulation symbols. Forthe data blocks of the size of S bits, each codebook includes 2Sdifferent modulation symbol groups, which are corresponding to 2Spossible data blocks.

The codebook may also be referred to as an SCMA codebook, which is a setof SCMA code words. The SCMA code word is a mapping relationship betweenan information bit and a modulation symbol. That is, the SCMA codebookis a set of the foregoing mapping relationships.

In addition, in the SCMA, in a group of modulation symbols X # k={X #k₁, X # k₂, . . . , X # k_(L)} corresponding to each terminal device, atleast one symbol is a zero symbol and at least one symbol is non-zerosymbol. That is, for data of a terminal device, in the L REs, only someREs (at least one RE) carry the data of the terminal device.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of bit mapping processing (or encodingprocessing) of the SCMA by using an example in which six data streamsmultiplex four resource units. As shown in FIG. 5, the six data streamsform a group, and the four resource units form an encoding unit. Aresource unit may be a subcarrier, an RE, or an antenna port. In FIG. 5,a connection line between a data stream and a resource unit indicatesthat after code word mapping is performed on at least one datacombination of the data stream, a non-zero modulation symbol is sent onthe resource unit. When there is no connection line between a datastream and a resource unit, it indicates that after code word mapping isperformed on all possible data combinations of the data stream, allmodulation symbols sent on the resource unit are zero. A datacombination of a data stream may be understood according to thefollowing description. For example, for a binary bit data stream, 00,01, 10, and 11 are all possible two-bit data combinations. For ease ofdescription, data of data streams is represented as s1 to s6,respectively, symbols sent on resource units are represented as x1 tox4, respectively, and a connection line between a data stream and aresource unit indicates that a modulation symbol is sent on the resourceunit after data of the data stream is spread. The modulation symbol maybe a zero symbol (corresponding to a zero element), or may be a non-zerosymbol (corresponding to a non-zero element). When there is noconnection line between a data stream and a resource unit, it indicatesthat no modulation symbol is sent on the resource unit after data of thedata stream is spread.

It can be learned from FIG. 5 that data of each data stream is sent onmultiple resource units after the data is spread. In addition, symbolssent on each resource unit are a superimposition of non-zero symbolsthat are obtained after data of multiple data streams is spread. Forexample, after data s3 of a data stream 3 is spread, non-zero symbolsare sent on a resource unit 1 and a resource unit 2, and data x2 sent ona resource unit 3 is a superposition of non-zero symbols obtained afterdata s2 of a data stream 2, data s4 of a data stream 4, and data s6 of adata stream 6 are separately spread. A quantity of data streams may begreater than a quantity of resource units. Therefore, the SCMA systemcan effectively increase a network capacity, which includes a quantityof users that can be connected to a system, spectral efficiency, and thelike.

A code word in the codebook generally has the following form:

$\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,q} \\c_{2,q} \\M \\c_{N,q}\end{pmatrix}.$

In addition, a corresponding codebook generally has the following form:

$\left\{ {\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,1} \\c_{2,1} \\M \\c_{N,1}\end{pmatrix},\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,2} \\c_{2,2} \\M \\c_{N,2}\end{pmatrix},L,\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,Q_{m}} \\c_{2,Q_{m}} \\M \\c_{N,Q_{m}}\end{pmatrix}} \right\}$

where N is a positive integer greater than 1, and may represent aquantity of resource units included in one encoding unit, or may beunderstood as a code word length; Q_(m) is a positive integer greaterthan 1, represents a quantity of code words included in the codebook,and is corresponding to a modulation order, where, for example, whenquadrature phase shift keying (QPSK, Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) or4-order modulation is used, Q_(m) is 4; q represents the q^(th) codeword of Q_(m) code words, q is a positive integer, and 1≤q≤Q_(m); and anelement c_(n,q) included in the codebook and the code word is a complexnumber, and c_(n,q) may be mathematically expressed as:

c _(n,q)∈{0,α*exp(j*β)},1≤n≤N,1≤q≤Q _(m)

where α may be any real number, β may be any value, and N and Q_(m) maybe positive integers.

In addition, a code word in a codebook and data form a mappingrelationship. For example, a code word in a codebook and two-bit dataform a mapping relationship.

For example, “00” may be corresponding to a code word 1, that is

$\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,1} \\c_{2,1} \\M \\c_{N,1}\end{pmatrix};$

“01” may be corresponding to a code word 2, that is,

$\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,2} \\c_{2,2} \\M \\c_{N,2}\end{pmatrix};$

“10” may be corresponding to a code word 3, that is,

$\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,3} \\c_{2,3} \\M \\c_{N,3}\end{pmatrix};$

and

“11” may be corresponding to a code word 4, that is,

$\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,4} \\c_{2,4} \\M \\c_{N,4}\end{pmatrix};$

With reference to FIG. 5, when there is a connection line between a datastream and a resource unit, a codebook corresponding to the data streamand a code word in the codebook has the following characteristic: Atleast one code word in the codebook is used to send a non-zeromodulation symbol on the corresponding resource unit. For example, whenthere is a connection line between the data stream 3 and the resourceunit 1, at least one code word in a codebook corresponding to the datastream 3 holds that c_(1,q)≠0, where 1≤q≤Q_(m).

When there is no connection line between a data stream and a resourceunit, a codebook corresponding to the data stream and a code word in thecodebook has the following characteristic: All code words in thecodebook are used to send a zero modulation symbol on the correspondingresource unit. For example, when there is no connection line between thedata stream 3 and the resource unit 3, any code word in a codebookcorresponding to the data stream 3 holds that c_(3,q)=0, where1≤q≤Q_(m).

In conclusion, when a modulation order is QPSK, the codebookcorresponding to the data stream 3 in FIG. 5 may have the following formand characteristic:

$\left\{ {\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,1} \\c_{2,1} \\0 \\0\end{pmatrix},\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,2} \\c_{2,2} \\0 \\0\end{pmatrix},\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,3} \\c_{2,3} \\0 \\0\end{pmatrix},\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,4} \\c_{2,4} \\0 \\0\end{pmatrix}} \right\}$

where c_(n,q)=α*exp(j*β), 1≤n≤2, 1≤q≤4, α and β may be any real number;for any q, 1≤q≤4. c_(1,q) and c_(2,q) are not zero at the same time; andat least one group of q¹ and q² holds and c_(2,q) ₂ ≠0, where 1≤q₁ andq₂≤4.

For example, if the data s3 of the data stream 3 is “10”, according tothe foregoing mapping rule, this data combination is mapped to a codeword, that is, a four-dimensional complex number vector:

$\begin{pmatrix}c_{1,3} \\c_{2,3} \\0 \\0\end{pmatrix}.$

Optionally, the LDS sequence includes at least two signature sequences.The LDS sequence is used to indicate a mapping relationship between atleast two data combinations and the at least two signature sequences.The signature sequence is a multi-dimensional complex number vector. Themulti-dimensional complex number vector includes at least one zeroelement and at least one non-zero element. The signature sequence isused to perform amplitude and phase adjustment on a modulation symbol.The modulation symbol is obtained after constellation mapping isperformed on data by using a modulation constellation.

Specifically, a low-density signature (LDS, Low Density Signature)technology is also a non-orthogonal multiple access and transmissiontechnology. Certainly, the LDS technology may be referred to as anothername in the communications field. This technology is used to add O(where O is an integer not less than 1) data streams from one or moreusers to P (where P is an integer not less than 1) subcarriers fortransmission. Data of each data stream is spread onto the P subcarriersby means of sparse spread spectrum. When a value of O is greater thanthat of P, this technology can effectively increase a network capacity,which includes a quantity of users that can be connected to a system,spectral efficiency, and the like. Therefore, as an importantnon-orthogonal access technology, the LDS technology has drawn moreattentions, and become an important candidate access technology forfuture wireless cellular network evolution.

As shown in FIG. 5, an example in which six data streams multiplex fourresource units is used for description. That is, O=6, and P=4. O is apositive integer, and represents a quantity of data streams; and P is apositive integer, and represents a quantity of resource units. Aresource unit may be a subcarrier, a resource element (Resource Element,“RE” for short), or an antenna port. The six data streams form a group,and the four resource units form an encoding unit.

In a bipartite graph shown in FIG. 5, a connection line between a datastream and a resource unit indicates that, after constellation mappingand amplitude and phase adjustment are performed on at least one datacombination of the data stream, a non-zero modulation symbol is sent onthe resource unit. When there is no connection line between a datastream and a resource unit, it indicates that after constellationmapping and amplitude and phase adjustment are performed on all possibledata combinations of the data stream, all modulation symbols sent on theresource unit are zero modulation symbols. A data combination of a datastream may be understood according to the following description. Forexample, for a binary bit data stream, 00, 01, 10, and 11 are allpossible data combinations of two-bit data. For ease of description, s1to s6 in sequence represent to-be-sent data combinations of the six datastreams in the bipartite graph, and x1 to x4 in sequence representmodulation symbols that are sent on the four resource units in thebipartite graph.

It can be learned from the bipartite graph that modulation symbols aresent on two or more resource units after constellation mapping andamplitude and phase adjustment are performed on a data combination ofeach data stream. In addition, the modulation symbol sent on eachresource unit is superposition of modulation symbols that are obtainedafter constellation mapping and amplitude and phase adjustment areperformed on each of data combinations of two or more data streams. Forexample, non-zero modulation symbols may be sent on a resource unit 1and a resource unit 2 after constellation mapping and amplitude andphase adjustment are performed on a to-be-sent data combination s3 of adata stream 3. A modulation symbol x3 sent on a resource unit 3 issuperposition of non-zero modulation symbols that are obtained afterconstellation mapping and amplitude and phase adjustment are performedon each of to-be-sent data combinations s2, s4, and s6 of a data stream2, a data stream 4, and a data stream 6. A quantity of data streams maybe greater than a quantity of resource units. Therefore, thenon-orthogonal multiple access system can effectively increase a networkcapacity, which includes a quantity of users that can be connected to asystem, spectral efficiency, and the like.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a modulation symbol obtained afterconstellation mapping is performed on data (b1, b2) of a data stream isq. After phase and amplitude adjustment is performed on the modulationsymbol q by using elements in a signature sequence, that is, adjustmentfactors, modulation symbols sent on resource units are obtained. Themodulation symbols are q*s1, q*s2, q*s3, and q*s4, respectively.

It should be understood that the foregoing enumerated SCMA codebook andLDS sequence are merely examples of code domain resources. The presentinvention is not limited thereto. Further, a CDMA code may be used as anexample. Herein, a specific function and a using method of the CDMA codemay be similar to those in the prior art. To avoid repetition, detailsare omitted herein.

In addition, the foregoing enumerated parameter or physical quantityused in the modulation scheme is merely an example for description. Thepresent invention is not limited thereto. All parameters and physicalquantities used in the prior-art modulation processing fall within theprotection scope of the present invention.

Moreover, in addition to the foregoing enumerated data modulation schemeand the data encoding scheme, the control information may furtherindicate another parameter or physical quantity. For example, by way ofexample but not limitation, optionally, the control information isfurther used to indicate a device identifier of the terminal device.

The terminal device adds the device identifier of the terminal device tothe control information. For example, when a terminal device usesmultiple control time-frequency resources (for example, time-frequencyresources corresponding to multiple CTU access regions) to transmitcontrol information to improve diversity effects, a network device maydetermine, according to an identifier of a terminal device carried oncontrol information that is carried on each control time-frequencyresource, control information that belongs to a same terminal device, soas to improve processing efficiency and processing effects of thenetwork device.

Methods for determining the data encoding scheme and the data modulationscheme by the terminal device are described below in detail.

By way of example but not limitation, for example, in this embodiment ofthe present invention, the terminal device may randomly select anencoding scheme (for example, any bit rate) as an initial data encodingscheme. During uplink transmission, the terminal device may adjust theselected initial data encoding scheme according to a feedback resultfrom the network device. For example, when the feedback result indicatesthat the network device does not correctly receive uplink data (forexample, the network device feeds back a non-acknowledgement (NACK)message, or the network device does not feed back an acknowledgement(ACK) message), the terminal device may decrease the bit rate.

Similarly, the terminal device may randomly select a modulation scheme(for example, any modulation order) as an initial data modulationscheme. During uplink transmission, the terminal device may adjust theselected initial data modulation scheme according to a feedback resultfrom the network device. For example, when the feedback result indicatesthat the network device cannot decode uplink data (for example, thenetwork device feeds back a non-acknowledgement (NACK) message), theterminal device may decrease the modulation order.

It should be understood that the foregoing enumerated methods andprocesses for determining the data encoding scheme and the datamodulation scheme by the terminal device are merely examples fordescription. The present invention is not limited thereto. All otherprior-art solutions used to determine the encoding scheme and themodulation scheme fall within the protection scope of the presentinvention. For example, the terminal device may perform quality check ona channel used during uplink transmission, and determine the dataencoding scheme and the data modulation scheme according to a checkresult.

A form of the control information is described below in detail.

Optionally, the control information is an index value that iscorresponding to the data encoding scheme and the data modulation schemeused by the terminal device and that is determined by the terminaldevice according to mapping relationship information. The mappingrelationship information is used to indicate a one-to-one mappingrelationship between multiple parameter sets and multiple index values.Each parameter set includes a data encoding scheme and a data modulationscheme. Any two parameter sets are different in at least one of the dataencoding scheme or the data modulation scheme.

In addition, optionally, the method further includes:

sending the mapping relationship information to the terminal device.

Specifically, in this embodiment of the present invention, the networkdevice may store an entry (that is, an example of the mappingrelationship information) used to record the one-to-one mappingrelationship between multiple parameter sets and multiple index values.The parameter set may include multiple parameters, such as the dataencoding scheme and the data modulation scheme. It should be noted thatparameter types included in the parameter set may be changed at randomaccording to parameters and physical quantities that can be indicated bythe control information. The following Table 1 shows an example of theentry.

TABLE 1 Mapping rule between a pilot Modu- and a code Index lation BitCode domain domain resource value order rate resource (optional)(optional) . . . 0 2 0.5 Low-density signature Rule 1 . . . group 1 20.5 Low-density signature Rule 2 . . . . . . group 2 2 0.5 Code DivisionRule 1 . . . Multiple Access code group 3 2 0.5 Code Division Rule 2 . .. Multiple Access code group 4 2 0.8 Low-density signature Rule 1 . . .group 5 2 0.8 Low-density signature Rule 2 . . . group 6 2 0.8 CodeDivision Rule 1 . . . Multiple Access code group 7 2 0.8 Code DivisionRule 2 . . . Multiple Access code group 8 4 0.5 Low-density signatureRule 1 . . . group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

It should be understood that types and specific values of the parametersor the physical quantities listed in Table 1 are merely examples fordescription. The present invention is not limited thereto.

The network device may deliver the mapping relationship information (forexample, Table 1) to the terminal device by using a broadcast message.

In this way, after determining the data encoding scheme and the datamodulation scheme, the terminal device may search for, according to thetypes and the specific values of the parameters or the physicalquantities in the data encoding scheme and the data modulation scheme,index values that are corresponding to the specific values and that arerecorded in Table 1 to use the index values as the control information,and send the control information to the network device.

Correspondingly, the network device may search for, according to thereceived index values, the types and the specific values of theparameters or the physical quantities that are corresponding to theindex values and that are recorded in Table 1, to use the types and thespecific values of the parameters or the physical quantities as the dataencoding scheme and the data modulation scheme that are used by theterminal device.

An index value is used as the control information, thereby reducingresources consumed for transmitting the control information, andimproving transmission efficiency.

It should be understood that the foregoing enumerated manner in whichthe terminal device obtains the mapping relationship information ismerely an example for description. The present invention is not limitedthereto, provided that the network device and the terminal device use asame mapping relationship. For example, an operator or a manufacturermay preconfigure the mapping relationship information on the terminaldevice.

In this embodiment of the present invention, multiple terminal devicesmay multiplex a same control time-frequency resource to transmit thecontrol information (that is, case 1). Alternatively, one controltime-frequency resource (for example, a time-frequency resourcecorresponding to one or more CTU access regions) is used for controlinformation transmission of only one terminal device (that is, case 2).

Manners of transmitting the control information in the foregoing twocases are described below in detail.

Case 1

Optionally, when one control time-frequency resource is used to transmita control symbol of only one terminal device, the control time-frequencyresource used by the terminal device is determined according to a pilotresource used when the terminal device transmits the control symbol.

For example, in this embodiment of the present invention, each controltime-frequency resource provided by a system and each pilot or eachpilot set (that is, an example of the pilot resource) provided by thesystem may have a one-to-one mapping relationship. In this way, terminaldevices that select different pilots can transmit the controlinformation (or the control symbol) by using different controltime-frequency resources.

Specifically, the network device or the terminal device may determine,according to the following formula, a control time-frequency resourceused by the terminal device:

RE _(index)=(RS _(index)−1)*k+1˜RS _(index) *k

where RE_(index) (m) where represents a number of the controltime-frequency resource used by the terminal device, RS_(index)represents a number of the pilot resource selected by the terminaldevice, and k represents a quantity of CTU access regions occupied bythe control time-frequency resource used by the terminal device.

It should be understood that the foregoing enumerated manner in whichthe control time-frequency resource is determined by using the pilotresource is merely an example for description. The present invention isnot limited thereto. For example, each control time-frequency resourceprovided by the system and information determined according to eachdevice identifier (for example, when the device identifier is a decimalnumber, the information may be a value obtained after a MOD operation isperformed on a defined threshold by using each device identifier) mayhave a one-to-one mapping relationship. In this way, different terminaldevices can transmit the control information (or the control symbol) byusing different control time-frequency resources. Herein, a deviceidentifier may be, for example, a Media Access Control (MAC, MediaAccess Control) address of the terminal device, or a phone number, oranother identifier that can be used to uniquely identify the terminaldevice.

Optionally, the method further includes:

sending non-multiplexing mode information to the terminal device, wherethe non-multiplexing mode information is used to indicate that onecontrol time-frequency resource is used to transmit a control symbol ofonly one terminal device.

Specifically, when one control time-frequency resource (including atime-frequency resource of one or more CTU access regions) is used totransmit a control symbol of only one terminal device, the networkdevice my further use the non-multiplexing mode information to indicatethe mode. For example, one bit such as “1” may be used to represent thatone control time-frequency resource is used to transmit a control symbolof only one terminal device.

Case 2

When one control time-frequency resource can be used to transmit controlsymbols of multiple terminal devices, different code domain resourcesare used when the multiple terminal devices generate the controlsymbols.

Specifically, in this embodiment of the present invention, the multipleterminal devices may transmit the control information by means of codedivision multiplexing by using a same control time-frequency resource(including a time-frequency resource of one or more CTU access regions).That is, the multiple terminal devices each use a different code domainresource (for example, a CDMA code, an LDS sequence, an SCMA codebook).

The method further includes:

sending multiplexing mode information to the terminal device, where themultiplexing mode information is used to indicate that one controltime-frequency resource can be used to transmit control symbols ofmultiple terminal devices.

Specifically, when one control time-frequency resource (including atime-frequency resource of one or more CTU access regions) can be usedto transmit control symbols of multiple terminal devices, the networkdevice my further use the multiplexing mode information to indicate themode. For example, one bit such as “1” may be used to represent that onecontrol time-frequency resource can be used to transmit control symbolsof multiple terminal devices.

The control information is uplink information that is sent by theterminal device to the network device. Therefore, to transmit thecontrol information correctly, the network device needs to learn of anencoding scheme (that is, the control encoding scheme) and a modulationscheme (that is, the control modulation scheme) of the controlinformation.

That is, as described above, after determining the control informationused by the terminal device and the control time-frequency resource thatis used to carry the control information of the terminal device, theterminal device may select an encoding scheme (that is, the controlencoding scheme) and a modulation scheme (that is, the controlmodulation scheme) to perform encoding processing and modulationprocessing on the control information used by the terminal device, togenerate a control symbol, and send the control symbol by using thecontrol time-frequency resource used by the terminal device.

Correspondingly, after receiving the control symbol on the controltime-frequency resource used by the terminal device, the network devicemay determine the control encoding scheme and the control modulationscheme that are used by the terminal device, and perform decodingprocessing and demodulation processing on the control symbol accordingto a corresponding decoding scheme and a corresponding demodulationscheme, to obtain the control information.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the terminal device and thenetwork device may stipulate a manner, so that a control encoding schemeand a control modulation scheme determined by the terminal device arethe same as those determined by the network device.

In this embodiment of the present invention, control encoding schemesused by all terminal devices in the communications system may be thesame. For example, a relatively low bit rate may be used.

By way of example but not limitation, in this embodiment of the presentinvention, the control encoding scheme may be a convolutional code of abit rate 1/3.

Similarly, control modulation schemes used by all terminal devices inthe communications system may be the same. For example, a relatively lowmodulation order may be used.

By way of example but not limitation, in this embodiment of the presentinvention, the control modulation scheme may be a four-point SCMAcodebook, and a modulation order is 2.

Alternatively, optionally, the control encoding scheme and the controlmodulation scheme that are used by the terminal device are determinedaccording to a pilot resource used when the terminal device transmitsthe control symbol.

Specifically, in this embodiment of the present invention, controlencoding schemes used by all terminal devices in the communicationssystem may be different.

In this case, each control encoding scheme provided by the system and apilot or a pilot set (an example of a pilot resource) provided by thesystem may be in a one-to-one mapping relationship. In this way,terminal devices that select different pilots can perform encodingprocessing on the control information by using different controlencoding schemes.

It should be understood that, the foregoing enumerated manner in whichthe pilot resource is used to determine the control time-frequencyresource is merely an example for description. The present invention isnot limited thereto. For example, each control time-frequency resourceprovided by the system and information determined according to eachdevice identifier may have a one-to-one mapping relationship. In thisway, different terminal devices can perform encoding processing on thecontrol information by using different control encoding schemes.

Similarly, in this embodiment of the present invention, controlmodulation schemes that are used by all terminal devices in thecommunications system may be different.

In this case, each control modulation scheme provided by the system andeach pilot or each pilot set (that is, an example of the pilot resource)provided by the system may be in a one-to-one mapping relationship. Inthis way, terminal devices that select different pilots can performmodulation processing on the control information by using differentcontrol modulation schemes.

It should be understood that, the foregoing enumerated manner in whichthe pilot resource is used to determine the control time-frequencyresource is merely an example for description. The present invention isnot limited thereto. For example, each control time-frequency resourceprovided by the system and information determined according to eachdevice identifier may have a one-to-one mapping relationship. In thisway, different terminal devices can perform modulation processing on thecontrol information by using different control modulation schemes.

Therefore, the network device and the terminal device can determine, bymeans of negotiation by using the control information carried on thecontrol time-frequency resource, a data encoding scheme and a datamodulation scheme of uplink data that is carried on the datatime-frequency resource.

Then, the network device or the terminal device may transmit the uplinkdata according to the data encoding scheme and the data modulationscheme. In addition, the process is similar to that in the prior art. Toavoid repetition, detailed descriptions are omitted herein.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the present invention,the control encoding scheme and the control modulation scheme that areused by the terminal device may be an encoding scheme or a modulationscheme predefined in the communications system or in a communicationsprotocol.

According to the uplink data transmission method in this embodiment ofthe present invention, a time-frequency resource used for uplinktransmission is divided into a control time-frequency resource and adata time-frequency resource. A network device and a terminal deviceagree to use a control encoding scheme and a control modulation schemethat are specific to information carried on the control time-frequencyresource. After determining a data encoding scheme specific to uplinkdata, the terminal device performs, according to the agreed controlencoding scheme and control modulation scheme, encoding processing andmodulation processing on control information that indicates the dataencoding scheme, to generate a control symbol. Correspondingly, thenetwork device can perform demodulation processing and decodingprocessing on the control symbol according to the agreed controlencoding scheme and control modulation scheme, to obtain the controlinformation, and determine the uplink data encoding scheme indicated bythe control information. This can implement negotiation of an uplinkdata encoding scheme without notification from the network device,improve flexibility of uplink transmission, and improve reliability of agrant-free transmission solution.

With reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 6, the uplink data transmission methodis described above in detail according to the embodiments of the presentinvention from a perspective of a network device. With reference to FIG.7, an uplink data transmission method is described below in detailaccording to an embodiment of the present invention from a perspectiveof a terminal device.

FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of an uplink data transmission method400 according to this embodiment of the present invention from theperspective of the terminal device. As shown in FIG. 7, the method 400includes the following steps:

S410. The terminal device performs encoding and modulation processing oncontrol information according to a control encoding scheme and a controlmodulation scheme that are used by the terminal device, to obtain acontrol symbol, where the control information is used to indicate a dataencoding scheme used by the terminal device.

S420. Send the control symbol to a network device by using a controltime-frequency resource, and send a data symbol to the network device byusing a data time-frequency resource, where the control time-frequencyresource and the data time-frequency resource belong to a transmissionresource that is used for uplink transmission, the controltime-frequency resource and the data time-frequency resource aredifferent, and the data symbol is generated after the terminal deviceperforms encoding processing on uplink data according to the dataencoding scheme used by the terminal device.

Optionally, the data symbol is sent by the terminal device to thenetwork device in a grant-free transmission mode. The grant-freetransmission means that the network device preallocates multipletransmission resources and notifies the terminal device of the multipletransmission resources, so that the terminal device selects at least onetransmission resource from the multiple transmission resources whenhaving an uplink data transmission requirement, and sends the uplinkdata by using the selected transmission resource.

Optionally, the control encoding scheme includes a bit rate used whenencoding processing is performed on the control information, and thecontrol modulation scheme includes a modulation order and a code domainresource that are used when modulation processing is performed on thecontrol information.

Optionally, the control encoding scheme and the control modulationscheme that are used by the terminal device are determined according toa pilot resource used when the terminal device transmits the controlsymbol.

Optionally, the data encoding scheme used by the terminal deviceincludes a bit rate used when the terminal device performs encodingprocessing on the uplink data.

Optionally, the data symbol is generated after the terminal deviceperforms modulation processing on the uplink data according to a datamodulation scheme used by the terminal device.

Optionally, the data modulation scheme used by the terminal deviceincludes a modulation order and a code domain resource that are usedwhen the terminal device performs modulation processing on the uplinkdata.

Optionally, the control modulation scheme used by the terminal device isthe same as the data modulation scheme used by the terminal device.

Optionally, the data modulation scheme used by the terminal device isdetermined according to a pilot resource used by the terminal device.

Optionally, the control information is further used to indicate the datamodulation scheme used by the terminal device.

Optionally, the control information is an index value corresponding tothe data encoding scheme and the data modulation scheme that are used bythe terminal device, and the control information is determined by theterminal device according to mapping relationship information. Themapping relationship information is used to indicate a one-to-onemapping relationship between multiple parameter sets and multiple indexvalues. Each parameter set includes a data encoding scheme and a datamodulation scheme. Any two parameter sets are different in at least oneof the data encoding scheme or the data modulation scheme.

Optionally, the method further includes:

receiving the mapping relationship information sent by the networkdevice.

Optionally, the method further includes:

receiving indication information of the control time-frequency resourcesent by the network device, where the indication information of thecontrol time-frequency resource is used to indicate a location of thecontrol time-frequency resource in multiple time-frequency resourcesincluded in the transmission resource; and

determining the control time-frequency resource from the multipletime-frequency resources according to the indication information of thecontrol time-frequency resource.

Optionally, the indication information of the control time-frequencyresource is specifically used to indicate that multiple controltime-frequency resources are continuously distributed among the multipletime-frequency resources; or

the indication information of the control time-frequency resource isspecifically used to indicate that multiple control time-frequencyresources are discretely distributed among the multiple time-frequencyresources.

Optionally, when one control time-frequency resource is used to transmita control symbol of only one terminal device, the control time-frequencyresource used when the terminal device transmits the control symbol isdetermined according to the pilot resource used when the terminal devicetransmits the control symbol.

Optionally, the method further includes:

receiving non-multiplexing mode information sent by the network device,where the non-multiplexing mode information is used to indicate that onecontrol time-frequency resource is used to transmit a control symbol ofonly one terminal device.

Optionally, when one control time-frequency resource can be used totransmit control symbols of multiple terminal devices, different codedomain resources are used when the multiple terminal devices generatethe control symbols.

Optionally, the method further includes:

receiving multiplexing mode information sent by the network device,where the multiplexing mode information is used to indicate that onecontrol time-frequency resource can be used to transmit control symbolsof multiple terminal devices.

Optionally, the control information is further used to indicate a deviceidentifier of the terminal device.

Optionally, the network device is a base station, and the terminaldevice is user equipment.

Actions of the terminal device in the method 400 are similar to those ofthe terminal device in the method 200. In addition, actions of thenetwork device in the method 400 are similar to those of the networkdevice in the method 200. Herein, to avoid repetition, details areomitted.

According to the uplink data transmission method in this embodiment ofthe present invention, a time-frequency resource used for uplinktransmission is divided into a control time-frequency resource and adata time-frequency resource. A network device and a terminal deviceagree to use a control encoding scheme and a control modulation schemethat are specific to information carried on the control time-frequencyresource. After determining a data encoding scheme specific to uplinkdata, the terminal device performs, according to the agreed controlencoding scheme and control modulation scheme, encoding processing andmodulation processing on control information that indicates the dataencoding scheme, to generate a control symbol. Correspondingly, thenetwork device can perform demodulation processing and decodingprocessing on the control symbol according to the agreed controlencoding scheme and control modulation scheme, to obtain the controlinformation, and determine the uplink data encoding scheme indicated bythe control information. This can implement negotiation of an uplinkdata encoding scheme without notification from the network device,improve flexibility of uplink transmission, and improve reliability of agrant-free transmission solution.

The uplink data transmission methods according to the embodiments of thepresent invention are described above in detail with reference to FIG. 1to FIG. 7. Uplink data transmission apparatuses according to embodimentsof the present invention are described below in detail with reference toFIG. 8 and FIG. 9.

FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of an uplink data transmissionapparatus 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Asshown in FIG. 8, the apparatus 500 includes:

a receiving unit 510, configured to receive a control symbol sent by aterminal device by using a control time-frequency resource, where thecontrol symbol is generated after the terminal device performs encodingand modulation processing on control information according to a controlencoding scheme and a control modulation scheme that are used by theterminal device, the control information is used to indicate a dataencoding scheme used by the terminal device, the control time-frequencyresource belongs to a transmission resource that is used for uplinktransmission, the transmission resource further includes a datatime-frequency resource, and the control time-frequency resource and thedata time-frequency resource are different; and

a processing unit 520, configured to: perform demodulation and decodingprocessing on the control symbol according to the control encodingscheme and the control modulation scheme that are used by the terminaldevice, to obtain the control information; and perform, according to thecontrol information, decoding processing on the data symbol that is sentby using the data time-frequency resource by the terminal device, toobtain uplink data, where the data symbol is generated after theterminal device performs encoding processing on the uplink dataaccording to the data encoding scheme used by the terminal device.

Optionally, the data symbol is sent by the terminal device to theapparatus in a grant-free transmission mode. The grant-free transmissionmeans that the network device (for example, apparatus 500) preallocatesmultiple transmission resources and notifies the terminal device of themultiple transmission resources, so that the terminal device selects atleast one transmission resource from the multiple transmission resourceswhen having an uplink data transmission requirement, and sends theuplink data by using the selected transmission resource.

Optionally, the control encoding scheme includes a bit rate used whenencoding processing is performed on the control information, and thecontrol modulation scheme includes a modulation order and a code domainresource that are used when modulation processing is performed on thecontrol information.

Optionally, the control encoding scheme and the control modulationscheme that are used by the terminal device are determined according toa pilot resource used when the terminal device transmits the controlsymbol.

Optionally, the data encoding scheme used by the terminal deviceincludes a bit rate used when the terminal device performs encodingprocessing on the uplink data.

Optionally, the processing unit is further configured to performdemodulation processing on the data symbol according to a datamodulation scheme used by the terminal device, to obtain the uplinkdata. The data symbol is generated after the terminal device performsmodulation processing on the uplink data according to the datamodulation scheme used by the terminal device.

Optionally, the data modulation scheme used by the terminal deviceincludes a modulation order and a code domain resource that are usedwhen the terminal device performs modulation processing on the uplinkdata.

Optionally, the control modulation scheme used by the terminal device isthe same as the data modulation scheme used by the terminal device.

Optionally, the data modulation scheme used by the terminal device isdetermined according to a pilot resource used by the terminal device.

Optionally, the control information is further used to indicate the datamodulation scheme used by the terminal device.

Optionally, the control information is an index value corresponding tothe data encoding scheme and the data modulation scheme that are used bythe terminal device, and the control information is determined by theterminal device according to mapping relationship information. Themapping relationship information is used to indicate a one-to-onemapping relationship between multiple parameter sets and multiple indexvalues. Each parameter set includes a data encoding scheme and a datamodulation scheme. Any two parameter sets are different in at least oneof the data encoding scheme or the data modulation scheme.

Optionally, the apparatus further includes a transmission unit,connected to the processing unit.

The processing unit is further configured to control the transmissionunit to send the mapping relationship information to the terminaldevice.

Optionally, the apparatus further includes a transmission unit,connected to the processing unit.

The processing unit is further configured to control the transmissionunit to send indication information of the control time-frequencyresource to the terminal device. The indication information of thecontrol time-frequency resource is used to indicate a location of thecontrol time-frequency resource in multiple time-frequency resourcesincluded in the transmission resource.

Optionally, the indication information of the control time-frequencyresource is specifically used to indicate that multiple controltime-frequency resources are continuously distributed among the multipletime-frequency resources; or

the indication information of the control time-frequency resource isspecifically used to indicate that multiple control time-frequencyresources are discretely distributed among the multiple time-frequencyresources.

Optionally, when one control time-frequency resource is used to transmita control symbol of only one terminal device, the control time-frequencyresource used when the terminal device transmits the control symbol isdetermined according to the pilot resource used when the terminal devicetransmits the control symbol.

Optionally, the apparatus further includes a transmission unit,connected to the processing unit.

The processing unit is further configured to control the transmissionunit to send non-multiplexing mode information to the terminal device.The non-multiplexing mode information is used to indicate that onecontrol time-frequency resource is used to transmit a control symbol ofonly one terminal device.

Optionally, when one control time-frequency resource can be used totransmit control symbols of multiple terminal devices, different codedomain resources are used when the multiple terminal devices generatethe control symbols.

Optionally, the apparatus further includes a transmission unit,connected to the processing unit.

The processing unit is further configured to control the transmissionunit to send multiplexing mode information to the terminal device. Themultiplexing mode information is used to indicate that one controltime-frequency resource can be used to transmit control symbols ofmultiple terminal devices.

Optionally, the control information is further used to indicate a deviceidentifier of the terminal device.

Optionally, the apparatus is a base station, and the terminal device isuser equipment.

The uplink data transmission apparatus 500 in this embodiment of thepresent invention may be corresponding to the network device in themethod embodiments of the present invention. In addition, units, namely,modules in the uplink data transmission apparatus 500 and otheroperations and/or functions described above are separately used toimplement corresponding procedures in the method 200 in FIG. 2. Forbrevity, details are not further described herein.

According to the uplink data transmission apparatus in this embodimentof the present invention, a time-frequency resource used for uplinktransmission is divided into a control time-frequency resource and adata time-frequency resource. A network device and a terminal deviceagree to use a control encoding scheme and a control modulation schemethat are specific to information carried on the control time-frequencyresource. After determining a data encoding scheme specific to uplinkdata, the terminal device performs, according to the agreed controlencoding scheme and control modulation scheme, encoding processing andmodulation processing on control information that indicates the dataencoding scheme, to generate a control symbol. Correspondingly, thenetwork device can perform demodulation processing and decodingprocessing on the control symbol according to the agreed controlencoding scheme and control modulation scheme, to obtain the controlinformation, and determine the uplink data encoding scheme indicated bythe control information. This can implement negotiation of an uplinkdata encoding scheme without notification from the network device,improve flexibility of uplink transmission, and improve reliability of agrant-free transmission solution.

FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an uplink data transmissionapparatus 600 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Asshown in FIG. 9, the apparatus 600 includes:

a processing unit 610, configured to perform encoding and modulationprocessing on control information according to a control encoding schemeand a control modulation scheme that are corresponding to the apparatus,to obtain a control symbol, where the control information is used toindicate a data encoding scheme corresponding to the apparatus; and

a sending unit 620, configured to send the control symbol to a networkdevice by using a control time-frequency resource, and send a datasymbol to the network device by using a data time-frequency resource,where the control time-frequency resource and the data time-frequencyresource belong to a transmission resource that is used for uplinktransmission, the control time-frequency resource and the datatime-frequency resource are different, and the data symbol is generatedafter the apparatus performs encoding processing on uplink dataaccording to the data encoding scheme corresponding to the apparatus.

Optionally, the data symbol is sent by the apparatus to the networkdevice in a grant-free transmission mode. The grant-free transmissionmeans that the network device preallocates multiple transmissionresources and notifies the terminal device (for example, the apparatus600) of the multiple transmission resources, so that the apparatusselects at least one transmission resource from the multipletransmission resources when having an uplink data transmissionrequirement, and sends the uplink data by using the selectedtransmission resource.

Optionally, the control encoding scheme includes a bit rate used whenencoding processing is performed on the control information, and thecontrol modulation scheme includes a modulation order and a code domainresource that are used when modulation processing is performed on thecontrol information.

Optionally, the control encoding scheme and the control modulationscheme that are corresponding to the apparatus are determined accordingto a pilot resource used when the apparatus transmits the controlsymbol.

Optionally, the data encoding scheme corresponding to the apparatusincludes a bit rate used when the apparatus performs encoding processingon the uplink data.

Optionally, the data symbol is generated after the apparatus performsmodulation processing on the uplink data according to a data modulationscheme corresponding to the apparatus.

Optionally, the data modulation scheme corresponding to the apparatusincludes a modulation order and a code domain resource that are usedwhen modulation processing is performed on the uplink data by theapparatus.

Optionally, the control modulation scheme corresponding to the apparatusand the data modulation scheme corresponding to the apparatus are thesame.

Optionally, the data modulation scheme corresponding to the apparatus isdetermined according to a pilot resource corresponding to the apparatus.

Optionally, the control information is further used to indicate the datamodulation scheme corresponding to the apparatus.

Optionally, the control information is an index value corresponding tothe data encoding scheme and the data modulation scheme that arecorresponding to the apparatus. The control information is determined bythe apparatus according to mapping relationship information. The mappingrelationship information is used to indicate a one-to-one mappingrelationship between multiple parameter sets and multiple index values.Each parameter set includes a data encoding scheme and a data modulationscheme. Any two parameter sets are different in at least one of the dataencoding scheme or the data modulation scheme.

Optionally, the apparatus further includes a receiving unit, connectedto the processing unit.

The processing unit is further configured to control the receiving unitto receive the mapping relationship information sent by the networkdevice.

Optionally, the apparatus further includes a receiving unit, connectedto the processing unit.

The processing unit is further configured to control the receiving unitto receive indication information of the control time-frequency resourcesent by the network device. The indication information of the controltime-frequency resource is used to indicate a location of the controltime-frequency resource in multiple time-frequency resources included inthe transmission resource; and

configured to determine the control time-frequency resource from themultiple time-frequency resources according to the indicationinformation of the control time-frequency resource.

Optionally, the indication information of the control time-frequencyresource is specifically used to indicate that multiple controltime-frequency resources are continuously distributed among the multipletime-frequency resources; or

the indication information of the control time-frequency resource isspecifically used to indicate that multiple control time-frequencyresources are discretely distributed among the multiple time-frequencyresources.

Optionally, when one control time-frequency resource is used to transmita control symbol of only one device, the control time-frequency resourceused when the apparatus transmits the control symbol is determinedaccording to the pilot resource used when the apparatus transmits thecontrol symbol.

Optionally, the apparatus further includes a receiving unit, connectedto the processing unit.

The processing unit is further configured to control the receiving unitto receive non-multiplexing mode information sent by the network device.The non-multiplexing mode information is used to indicate that onecontrol time-frequency resource is used to transmit a control symbol ofonly one device.

Optionally, when one control time-frequency resource can be used totransmit control symbols of multiple devices, different code domainresources are used when the multiple devices generate the controlsymbols.

Optionally, the apparatus further includes a receiving unit, connectedto the processing unit.

The processing unit is further configured to control the receiving unitto receive multiplexing mode information sent by the network device. Themultiplexing mode information is used to indicate that one controltime-frequency resource can be used to transmit control symbols ofmultiple devices.

Optionally, the control information is further used to indicate a deviceidentifier of the apparatus.

Optionally, the network device is a base station, and the apparatus isuser equipment.

The uplink data transmission apparatus 600 in this embodiment of thepresent invention may be corresponding to the terminal device in themethod embodiments of the present invention. In addition, units, namely,modules in the uplink data transmission apparatus 600 and otheroperations and/or functions described above are separately used toimplement corresponding procedures in the method 400 in FIG. 7. Forbrevity, details are not further described herein.

According to the uplink data transmission apparatus in this embodimentof the present invention, a time-frequency resource used for uplinktransmission is divided into a control time-frequency resource and adata time-frequency resource. A network device and a terminal deviceagree to use a control encoding scheme and a control modulation schemethat are specific to information carried on the control time-frequencyresource. After determining a data encoding scheme specific to uplinkdata, the terminal device performs, according to the agreed controlencoding scheme and control modulation scheme, encoding processing andmodulation processing on control information that indicates the dataencoding scheme, to generate a control symbol. Correspondingly, thenetwork device can perform demodulation processing and decodingprocessing on the control symbol according to the agreed controlencoding scheme and control modulation scheme, to obtain the controlinformation, and determine the uplink data encoding scheme indicated bythe control information. This can implement negotiation of an uplinkdata encoding scheme without notification from the network device,improve flexibility of uplink transmission, and improve reliability of agrant-free transmission solution.

The uplink data transmission methods according to the embodiments of thepresent invention are described above in detail with reference to FIG. 1to FIG. 7. Uplink data transmission devices according to embodiments ofthe present invention are described below in detail with reference toFIG. 10 and FIG. 11.

FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of an uplink data transmissiondevice 700 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shownin FIG. 10, the device 700 includes a processor 710 and a receiver 720,and the processor 710 is connected to the receiver 720. Optionally, thedevice 700 further includes a memory 730, and the memory 730 isconnected to the processor 710. Further, optionally, the device 700includes a bus system 740. The processor 710, the receiver 720, and thememory 730 may be connected by using the bus system 740. The memory 730may be configured to store an instruction. The processor 710 isconfigured to execute the instruction stored in the memory 730, so as tocontrol the receiver 720 to receive information or a signal.

The processor 710 is configured to control the receiver 720 to receive acontrol symbol sent by a terminal device by using a controltime-frequency resource, where the control symbol is generated after theterminal device performs encoding and modulation processing on controlinformation according to a control encoding scheme and a controlmodulation scheme that are used by the terminal device, the controlinformation is used to indicate a data encoding scheme used by theterminal device, the control time-frequency resource belongs to atransmission resource that is used for uplink transmission, thetransmission resource further includes a data time-frequency resource,and the control time-frequency resource and the data time-frequencyresource are different;

configured to perform demodulation and decoding processing on thecontrol symbol according to the control encoding scheme and the controlmodulation scheme that are used by the terminal device, to obtain thecontrol information; and

configured to perform, according to the control information, decodingprocessing on a data symbol sent by the terminal device by using thedata time-frequency resource, to obtain uplink data, where the datasymbol is generated after the terminal device performs encodingprocessing on the uplink data according to the data encoding scheme usedby the terminal device.

Optionally, the data symbol is sent by the terminal device to the devicein a grant-free transmission mode. The grant-free transmission meansthat the device preallocates multiple transmission resources andnotifies the terminal device of the multiple transmission resources, sothat the terminal device selects at least one transmission resource fromthe multiple transmission resources when having an uplink datatransmission requirement, and sends the uplink data by using theselected transmission resource.

Optionally, the control encoding scheme includes a bit rate used whenencoding processing is performed on the control information, and thecontrol modulation scheme includes a modulation order and a code domainresource that are used when modulation processing is performed on thecontrol information.

Optionally, the control encoding scheme and the control modulationscheme that are used by the terminal device are determined according toa pilot resource used when the terminal device transmits the controlsymbol.

Optionally, the data encoding scheme used by the terminal deviceincludes a bit rate used when the terminal device performs encodingprocessing on the uplink data.

Optionally, the processor is further configured to perform demodulationprocessing on the data symbol according to a data modulation scheme usedby the terminal device, to obtain the uplink data. The data symbol isgenerated after the terminal device performs modulation processing onthe uplink data according to the data modulation scheme used by theterminal device.

Optionally, the data modulation scheme used by the terminal deviceincludes a modulation order and a code domain resource that are usedwhen the terminal device performs modulation processing on the uplinkdata.

Optionally, the control modulation scheme used by the terminal device isthe same as the data modulation scheme used by the terminal device.

Optionally, the data modulation scheme used by the terminal device isdetermined according to a pilot resource used by the terminal device.

Optionally, the control information is further used to indicate the datamodulation scheme used by the terminal device.

Optionally, the control information is an index value corresponding tothe data encoding scheme and the data modulation scheme that are used bythe terminal device, and the control information is determined by theterminal device according to mapping relationship information. Themapping relationship information is used to indicate a one-to-onemapping relationship between multiple parameter sets and multiple indexvalues. Each parameter set includes a data encoding scheme and a datamodulation scheme. Any two parameter sets are different in at least oneof the data encoding scheme or the data modulation scheme.

Optionally, the device further includes a transmitter, connected to theprocessor.

The processor is further configured to control the transmitter to sendthe mapping relationship information to the terminal device.

Optionally, the device further includes a transmitter, connected to theprocessor.

The processor is further configured to control the transmitter to sendindication information of the control time-frequency resource to theterminal device. The indication information of the controltime-frequency resource is used to indicate a location of the controltime-frequency resource in multiple time-frequency resources included inthe transmission resource.

Optionally, the indication information of the control time-frequencyresource is specifically used to indicate that multiple controltime-frequency resources are continuously distributed among the multipletime-frequency resources; or

the indication information of the control time-frequency resource isspecifically used to indicate that multiple control time-frequencyresources are discretely distributed among the multiple time-frequencyresources.

Optionally, when one control time-frequency resource is used to transmita control symbol of only one terminal device, the control time-frequencyresource used when the terminal device transmits the control symbol isdetermined according to the pilot resource used when the terminal devicetransmits the control symbol.

Optionally, the device further includes a transmitter, connected to theprocessor.

The processor is further configured to control the transmitter to sendnon-multiplexing mode information to the terminal device. Thenon-multiplexing mode information is used to indicate that one controltime-frequency resource is used to transmit a control symbol of only oneterminal device.

Optionally, when one control time-frequency resource can be used totransmit control symbols of multiple terminal devices, different codedomain resources are used when the multiple terminal devices generatethe control symbols.

Optionally, the device further includes a transmitter, connected to theprocessor.

The processor is further configured to control the transmitter to sendmultiplexing mode information to the terminal device. The multiplexingmode information is used to indicate that one control time-frequencyresource can be used to transmit control symbols of multiple terminaldevices.

Optionally, the control information is further used to indicate a deviceidentifier of the terminal device.

Optionally, the device is a base station, and the terminal device isuser equipment.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of the presentinvention, the processor 710 may be a central processing unit (CentralProcessing Unit, “CPU” for short). The processor 710 may be anothergeneral-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), anapplication-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmablegate array (FPGA) or other programmable logical device, a discrete gateor transistor logical device, a discrete hardware assembly, or the like.The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processormay be any conventional processor or the like.

The memory 730 may include a read-only memory and a random accessmemory, and provide an instruction and data for the processor 710. Apart of the memory 730 may further include a non-volatile random accessmemory. For example, the memory 730 may further store device typeinformation.

In addition to a data bus, the bus system 740 may further include apower supply bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like.However, for clear description, various buses are represented by the bussystem 740 in the figure.

In an implementation process, steps of the foregoing methods may beimplemented by using an integrated logic circuit of hardware in theprocessor 710 or by using an instruction in a form of software. Thesteps of the methods disclosed with reference to the embodiments of thepresent invention may be directly implemented by a hardware processor,or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and a software modulein the processor. The software module may be located in a mature storagemedium in the art, such as a random access memory, a flash memory, aread-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, anelectrically-erasable programmable memory, or a register. The storagemedium is located in the memory 730. The processor 710 reads informationfrom the memory 730 and implements the steps in the foregoing methods incombination with hardware of the processor 710. To avoid repetition,details are not further described herein.

The information transmission device 700 in this embodiment of thepresent invention may be corresponding to the network device in themethod embodiments of the present invention. In addition, units, namely,modules in the information transmission device 700 and other operationsand/or functions described above are separately used to implementcorresponding procedures in the method 200 in FIG. 2. For brevity,details are not further described herein.

According to the uplink data transmission device in this embodiment ofthe present invention, a time-frequency resource used for uplinktransmission is divided into a control time-frequency resource and adata time-frequency resource. A network device and a terminal deviceagree to use a control encoding scheme and a control modulation schemethat are specific to information carried on the control time-frequencyresource. After determining a data encoding scheme specific to uplinkdata, the terminal device performs, according to the agreed controlencoding scheme and control modulation scheme, encoding processing andmodulation processing on control information that indicates the dataencoding scheme, to generate a control symbol. Correspondingly, thenetwork device can perform demodulation processing and decodingprocessing on the control symbol according to the agreed controlencoding scheme and control modulation scheme, to obtain the controlinformation, and determine the uplink data encoding scheme indicated bythe control information. This can implement negotiation of an uplinkdata encoding scheme without notification from the network device,improve flexibility of uplink transmission, and improve reliability of agrant-free transmission solution.

FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of an information transmissiondevice 800 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shownin FIG. 11, the device 800 includes a processor 810 and a transmitter820, and the processor 810 is connected to the transmitter 820.Optionally, the device 800 further includes a memory 830, and the memory830 is connected to the processor 810. Further, optionally, the device800 includes a bus system 840. The processor 810, the memory 830, andthe transmitter 820 may be connected by using the bus system 840. Thememory 830 may be configured to store an instruction. The processor 810is configured to execute the instruction stored in the memory 830, so asto control the transmitter 820 to send information or a signal.

The processor 810 is configured to perform encoding and modulationprocessing on control information according to a control encoding schemeand a control modulation scheme that are used by the device, to obtain acontrol symbol, where the control information is used to indicate a dataencoding scheme used by the device; and

configured to control the transmitter 820 to send the control symbol toa network device by using a control time-frequency resource, and send adata symbol to the network device by using a data time-frequencyresource, where the control time-frequency resource and the datatime-frequency resource belong to a transmission resource that is usedfor uplink transmission, the control time-frequency resource and thedata time-frequency resource are different, and the data symbol isgenerated after the device performs encoding processing on uplink dataaccording to the data encoding scheme used by the device.

Optionally, the data symbol is sent by the device to the network devicein a grant-free transmission mode. The grant-free transmission meansthat the network device preallocates multiple transmission resources andnotifies the device of the multiple transmission resources, so that thedevice selects at least one transmission resource from the multipletransmission resources when having an uplink data transmissionrequirement, and sends the uplink data by using the selectedtransmission resource.

Optionally, the control encoding scheme includes a bit rate used whenencoding processing is performed on the control information, and thecontrol modulation scheme includes a modulation order and a code domainresource that are used when modulation processing is performed on thecontrol information.

Optionally, the control encoding scheme and the control modulationscheme that are used by the device are determined according to a pilotresource used when the device transmits the control symbol.

Optionally, the data encoding scheme used by the device includes a bitrate used when the device performs encoding processing on the uplinkdata.

Optionally, the data symbol is generated after the device performsmodulation processing on the uplink data according to a data modulationscheme used by the device.

Optionally, the data modulation scheme used by the device includes amodulation order and a code domain resource that are used when thedevice performs modulation processing on the uplink data.

Optionally, the control modulation scheme used by the device is the sameas the data modulation scheme used by the device.

Optionally, the data modulation scheme used by the device is determinedaccording to a pilot resource used by the device.

Optionally, the control information is further used to indicate the datamodulation scheme used by the device.

Optionally, the control information is an index value corresponding tothe data encoding scheme and the data modulation scheme that are used bythe device, and the control information is determined by the deviceaccording to mapping relationship information. The mapping relationshipinformation is used to indicate a one-to-one mapping relationshipbetween multiple parameter sets and multiple index values. Eachparameter set includes a data encoding scheme and a data modulationscheme. Any two parameter sets are different in at least one of the dataencoding scheme or the data modulation scheme.

Optionally, the device further includes a receiver, connected to theprocessor.

The processor is further configured to control the receiver to receivethe mapping relationship information sent by the network device.

Optionally, the device further includes a receiver, connected to theprocessor.

The processor is further configured to control the receiver to receiveindication information of the control time-frequency resource sent bythe network device, where the indication information of the controltime-frequency resource is used to indicate a location of the controltime-frequency resource in multiple time-frequency resources included inthe transmission resource; and

configured to determine the control time-frequency resource from themultiple time-frequency resources according to the indicationinformation of the control time-frequency resource.

Optionally, the indication information of the control time-frequencyresource is specifically used to indicate that multiple controltime-frequency resources are continuously distributed among the multipletime-frequency resources; or the indication information of the controltime-frequency resource is specifically used to indicate that multiplecontrol time-frequency resources are discretely distributed among themultiple time-frequency resources.

Optionally, when one control time-frequency resource is used to transmita control symbol of only one device, the control time-frequency resourceused when the device transmits the control symbol is determinedaccording to the pilot resource used when the device transmits thecontrol symbol.

Optionally, the device further includes a receiver, connected to theprocessor.

The processor is further configured to control the receiver to receivenon-multiplexing mode information sent by the network device. Thenon-multiplexing mode information is used to indicate that one controltime-frequency resource is used to transmit a control symbol of only onedevice.

Optionally, when one control time-frequency resource can be used totransmit control symbols of multiple devices, different code domainresources are used when the multiple devices generate the controlsymbols.

Optionally, the device further includes a receiver, connected to theprocessor.

The processor is further configured to control the receiver to receivemultiplexing mode information sent by the network device. Themultiplexing mode information is used to indicate that one controltime-frequency resource can be used to transmit control symbols ofmultiple devices.

Optionally, the control information is further used to indicate a deviceidentifier of the device.

Optionally, the network device is a base station, and the device is userequipment.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of the presentinvention, the processor 810 may be a central processing unit (CentralProcessing Unit, “CPU” for short). The processor 810 may be anothergeneral-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), anapplication-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmablegate array (FPGA) or other programmable logical device, a discrete gateor transistor logical device, a discrete hardware assembly, or the like.The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processormay be any conventional processor or the like.

The memory 830 may include a read-only memory and a random accessmemory, and provide an instruction and data for the processor 810. Apart of the memory 830 may further include a non-volatile random accessmemory. For example, the memory 830 may further store device typeinformation.

In addition to a data bus, the bus system 840 may further include apower supply bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like.However, for clear description, various buses are represented by the bussystem 840 in the figure.

In an implementation process, steps of the foregoing methods may beimplemented by using an integrated logic circuit of hardware in theprocessor 810 or by using an instruction in a form of software. Thesteps of the methods disclosed with reference to the embodiments of thepresent invention may be directly implemented by a hardware processor,or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and a software modulein the processor. The software module may be located in a mature storagemedium in the art, such as a random access memory, a flash memory, aread-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, anelectrically-erasable programmable memory, or a register. The storagemedium is located in the memory 830. The processor 810 reads informationfrom the memory 830 and implements the steps in the foregoing methods incombination with hardware of the processor 810. To avoid repetition,details are not further described herein.

The information transmission device 800 in this embodiment of thepresent invention may be corresponding to the terminal device in themethod embodiments of the present invention. In addition, units, namely,modules in the information transmission device 800 and other operationsand/or functions described above are separately used to implementcorresponding procedures in the method 400 in FIG. 7. For brevity,details are not further described herein.

According to the uplink data transmission device in this embodiment ofthe present invention, a time-frequency resource used for uplinktransmission is divided into a control time-frequency resource and adata time-frequency resource. A network device and a terminal deviceagree to use a control encoding scheme and a control modulation schemethat are specific to information carried on the control time-frequencyresource. After determining a data encoding scheme specific to uplinkdata, the terminal device performs, according to the agreed controlencoding scheme and control modulation scheme, encoding processing andmodulation processing on control information that indicates the dataencoding scheme, to generate a control symbol. Correspondingly, thenetwork device can perform demodulation processing and decodingprocessing on the control symbol according to the agreed controlencoding scheme and control modulation scheme, to obtain the controlinformation, and determine the uplink data encoding scheme indicated bythe control information. This can implement negotiation of an uplinkdata encoding scheme without notification from the network device,improve flexibility of uplink transmission, and improve reliability of agrant-free transmission solution.

It should be understood that sequence numbers of the foregoing processesdo not mean execution sequences in various embodiments of the presentinvention. The execution sequences of the processes should be determinedaccording to functions and internal logic of the processes, and shouldnot be construed as any limitation on the implementation processes ofthe embodiments of the present invention.

Persons of ordinary skill in the art may be aware that, in combinationwith the examples described in the embodiments disclosed in thisspecification, units and algorithm steps may be implemented byelectronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronichardware. Whether the functions are performed by hardware or softwaredepends on particular applications and design constraint conditions ofthe technical solutions. Persons skilled in the art may use differentmethods to implement the described functions for each particularapplication, but it should not be considered that the implementationgoes beyond the scope of the present invention.

It may be clearly understood by persons skilled in the art that, for thepurpose of convenient and brief description, for a detailed workingprocess of the foregoing system, apparatus, and unit, refer to acorresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and detailsare not further described herein.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should beunderstood that the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may beimplemented in other manners. For example, the described apparatusembodiment is merely an example. For example, the unit division ismerely logical function division and may be other division in actualimplementation. For example, a plurality of units or components may becombined or integrated into another system, or some features may beignored or not performed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutualcouplings or direct couplings or communication connections may beindirect couplings or communication connections between some interfaces,apparatuses, or units, and may be implemented in electronic, mechanical,or other forms.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physicallyseparate. Parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, andmay be located in one position or may be distributed in a plurality ofnetwork units. Some or all of the units may be selected according toactual requirements to achieve the objectives of the solutions of theembodiments.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the presentinvention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each of theunits may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integratedinto one unit.

It may be understood that, to make the application document brief andclear, technical features and descriptions in any of the foregoingembodiments may be applicable to other embodiments. For example, thetechnical features of the method embodiments may be applicable to theapparatus embodiments or other method embodiments, and details are notfurther described in other embodiments.

The transmission module, the transmission unit, or the transmitter inthe embodiments may perform transmission on an air interface, or insteadof performing transmission on an air interface, transmit data to anotherdevice, so that the another device performs transmission on the airinterface. The receiving module, the receiving unit, or the receiver inthe embodiments may perform reception over an air interface, or insteadof performing reception over an air interface, receive data from anotherdevice that performs reception on the air interface.

When the functions are implemented in the form of a software functionalunit and sold or used as an independent product, the functions may bestored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such anunderstanding, the technical solutions of the present inventionessentially, or the part contributing to the prior art, or some of thetechnical solutions may be implemented in a form of a software product.The software product is stored in a storage medium, and includes severalinstructions for instructing a computer device (which may be a personalcomputer, a server, a network device, or the like) to perform all orsome of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of thepresent invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: any mediumthat can store program code, such as a USB flash drive, a removable harddisk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), a random access memory(RAM, Random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disc.

The foregoing descriptions are merely specific implementations of thepresent invention, but are not intended to limit the protection scope ofthe present invention. Any variation or replacement readily figured outby persons skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed inthe present invention shall fall within the protection scope of thepresent invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the presentinvention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Further embodiments of the present invention are provided in thefollowing. It should be noted that the numbering used in the followingsection does not necessarily need to comply with the numbering used inthe previous sections. Each embodiment starts from a numbering. Thenumbering of following embodiments may not be consecutive.

1. An uplink data transmission method, wherein the method comprises:

receiving, by a network device, a control symbol sent by a terminaldevice by using a control time-frequency resource, wherein the controlsymbol is generated after the terminal device performs encoding andmodulation processing on control information according to a controlencoding scheme and a control modulation scheme that are used by theterminal device, the control information is used to indicate a dataencoding scheme used by the terminal device, the control time-frequencyresource belongs to a transmission resource that is used for uplinktransmission, the transmission resource further comprises a datatime-frequency resource, and the control time-frequency resource and thedata time-frequency resource are different;

performing demodulation and decoding processing on the control symbolaccording to the control encoding scheme and the control modulationscheme that are used by the terminal device, to obtain the controlinformation; and

performing, according to the control information, decoding processing ona data symbol sent by the terminal device by using the datatime-frequency resource, to obtain uplink data, wherein the data symbolis generated after the terminal device performs encoding processing onthe uplink data according to the data encoding scheme used by theterminal device.

2. The method according to embodiment 1, wherein the data symbol is sentby the terminal device to the network device in a grant-freetransmission mode, wherein the grant-free transmission means that thenetwork device preallocates multiple transmission resources and notifiesthe terminal device of the multiple transmission resources, so that theterminal device selects at least one transmission resource from themultiple transmission resources when having an uplink data transmissionrequirement, and sends the uplink data by using the selectedtransmission resource.

3. The method according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the controlencoding scheme comprises a bit rate used when encoding processing isperformed on the control information; and

the control modulation scheme comprises at least one of a modulationorder or a code domain resource used when modulation processing isperformed on the control information.

4. The method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein thecontrol encoding scheme and the control modulation scheme that are usedby the terminal device are determined according to a pilot resource usedwhen the terminal device transmits the control symbol.

5. The method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein thedata encoding scheme used by the terminal device comprises a bit rateused when the terminal device performs encoding processing on the uplinkdata.

6. The method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein themethod further comprises:

performing demodulation processing on the data symbol according to adata modulation scheme used by the terminal device, to obtain the uplinkdata, wherein the data symbol is generated after the terminal deviceperforms modulation processing on the uplink data according to the datamodulation scheme used by the terminal device.

7. The method according to embodiment 6, wherein the data modulationscheme used by the terminal device comprises at least one of amodulation order or a code domain resource used when the terminal deviceperforms modulation processing on the uplink data.

8. The method according to embodiment 6 or 7, wherein the controlmodulation scheme used by the terminal device is the same as the datamodulation scheme used by the terminal device.

9. The method according to any one of embodiments 6 to 8, wherein thedata modulation scheme used by the terminal device is determinedaccording to a pilot resource used by the terminal device.

10. The method according to any one of embodiments 6 to 9, wherein thecontrol information is further used to indicate the data modulationscheme used by the terminal device.

11. The method according to embodiment 10, wherein the controlinformation is an index value corresponding to the data encoding schemeand the data modulation scheme that are used by the terminal device, thecontrol information is determined by the terminal device according tomapping relationship information, the mapping relationship informationis used to indicate a one-to-one mapping relationship between multipleparameter sets and multiple index values, each parameter set comprises adata encoding scheme and a data modulation scheme, and any two parametersets are different in at least one of the data encoding scheme or thedata modulation scheme.

12. The method according to embodiment 11, wherein the method furthercomprises:

sending the mapping relationship information to the terminal device.

13. The method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12, wherein themethod further comprises:

sending indication information of the control time-frequency resource tothe terminal device, wherein the indication information of the controltime-frequency resource is used to indicate a location of the controltime-frequency resource in multiple time-frequency resources comprisedin the transmission resource.

14. The method according to embodiment 13, wherein the indicationinformation of the control time-frequency resource is specifically usedto indicate that multiple control time-frequency resources arecontinuously distributed among the multiple time-frequency resources; or

the indication information of the control time-frequency resource isspecifically used to indicate that multiple control time-frequencyresources are discretely distributed among the multiple time-frequencyresources.

15. The method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 14, wherein whenone control time-frequency resource is used to transmit a control symbolof only one terminal device, the control time-frequency resource usedwhen the terminal device transmits the control symbol is determinedaccording to the pilot resource used when the terminal device transmitsthe control symbol.

16. The method according to embodiment 15, wherein the method furthercomprises:

sending non-multiplexing mode information to the terminal device,wherein the non-multiplexing mode information is used to indicate thatone control time-frequency resource is used to transmit a control symbolof only one terminal device.

17. The method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 14, wherein whenone control time-frequency resource can be used to transmit controlsymbols of multiple terminal devices, different code domain resourcesare used when the multiple terminal devices generate the controlsymbols.

18. The method according to embodiment 17, wherein the method furthercomprises:

sending multiplexing mode information to the terminal device, whereinthe multiplexing mode information is used to indicate that one controltime-frequency resource can be used to transmit control symbols ofmultiple terminal devices.

19. The method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 18, wherein thecontrol information is further used to indicate a device identifier ofthe terminal device.

20. The method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 19, wherein thenetwork device is a base station, and the terminal device is userequipment.

21. An uplink data transmission method, wherein the method comprises:

performing, by a terminal device, encoding and modulation processing oncontrol information according to a control encoding scheme and a controlmodulation scheme that are used by the terminal device, to obtain acontrol symbol, wherein the control information is used to indicate adata encoding scheme used by the terminal device; and

sending the control symbol to a network device by using a controltime-frequency resource, and sending a data symbol to the network deviceby using a data time-frequency resource, wherein the controltime-frequency resource and the data time-frequency resource belong to atransmission resource that is used for uplink transmission, the controltime-frequency resource and the data time-frequency resource aredifferent, and the data symbol is generated after the terminal deviceperforms encoding processing on uplink data according to the dataencoding scheme used by the terminal device.

22. The method according to embodiment 21, wherein the data symbol issent by the terminal device to the network device in a grant-freetransmission mode, wherein the grant-free transmission means that thenetwork device preallocates multiple transmission resources and notifiesthe terminal device of the multiple transmission resources, so that theterminal device selects at least one transmission resource from themultiple transmission resources when having an uplink data transmissionrequirement, and sends the uplink data by using the selectedtransmission resource.

23. The method according to embodiment 21 or 22, wherein the controlencoding scheme comprises a bit rate used when encoding processing isperformed on the control information; and

the control modulation scheme comprises at least one of a modulationorder or a code domain resource used when modulation processing isperformed on the control information.

24. The method according to any one of embodiments 21 to 23, wherein thecontrol encoding scheme and the control modulation scheme that are usedby the terminal device are determined according to a pilot resource usedwhen the terminal device transmits the control symbol.

25. The method according to any one of embodiments 21 to 24, wherein thedata encoding scheme used by the terminal device comprises a bit rateused when the terminal device performs encoding processing on the uplinkdata.

26. The method according to any one of embodiments 21 to 25, wherein thedata symbol is generated after the terminal device performs modulationprocessing on the uplink data according to a data modulation scheme usedby the terminal device.

27. The method according to embodiment 26, wherein the data modulationscheme used by the terminal device comprises at least one of amodulation order or a code domain resource used when the terminal deviceperforms modulation processing on the uplink data.

28. The method according to embodiment 26 or 27, wherein the controlmodulation scheme used by the terminal device is the same as the datamodulation scheme used by the terminal device.

29. The method according to any one of embodiments 26 to 28, wherein thedata modulation scheme used by the terminal device is determinedaccording to a pilot resource used by the terminal device.

30. The method according to any one of embodiments 26 to 29, wherein thecontrol information is further used to indicate the data modulationscheme used by the terminal device.

31. The method according to embodiment 30, wherein the controlinformation is an index value corresponding to the data encoding schemeand the data modulation scheme that are used by the terminal device, thecontrol information is determined by the terminal device according tomapping relationship information, the mapping relationship informationis used to indicate a one-to-one mapping relationship between multipleparameter sets and multiple index values, each parameter set comprises adata encoding scheme and a data modulation scheme, and any two parametersets are different in at least one of the data encoding scheme or thedata modulation scheme.

32. The method according to embodiment 31, wherein the method furthercomprises:

receiving the mapping relationship information sent by the networkdevice.

33. The method according to any one of embodiments 21 to 32, wherein themethod further comprises:

receiving indication information of the control time-frequency resourcesent by the network device, wherein the indication information of thecontrol time-frequency resource is used to indicate a location of thecontrol time-frequency resource in multiple time-frequency resourcescomprised in the transmission resource; and

determining the control time-frequency resource from the multipletime-frequency resources according to the indication information of thecontrol time-frequency resource.

34. The method according to embodiment 33, wherein the indicationinformation of the control time-frequency resource is specifically usedto indicate that multiple control time-frequency resources arecontinuously distributed among the multiple time-frequency resources; or

the indication information of the control time-frequency resource isspecifically used to indicate that multiple control time-frequencyresources are discretely distributed among the multiple time-frequencyresources.

35. The method according to any one of embodiments 21 to 34, whereinwhen one control time-frequency resource is used to transmit a controlsymbol of only one terminal device, the control time-frequency resourceused when the terminal device transmits the control symbol is determinedaccording to the pilot resource used when the terminal device transmitsthe control symbol.

36. The method according to embodiment 35, wherein the method furthercomprises:

receiving non-multiplexing mode information sent by the network device,wherein the non-multiplexing mode information is used to indicate thatone control time-frequency resource is used to transmit a control symbolof only one terminal device.

37. The method according to any one of embodiments 21 to 34, whereinwhen one control time-frequency resource can be used to transmit controlsymbols of multiple terminal devices, different code domain resourcesare used when the multiple terminal devices generate the controlsymbols.

38. The method according to embodiment 37, wherein the method furthercomprises:

receiving multiplexing mode information sent by the network device,wherein the multiplexing mode information is used to indicate that onecontrol time-frequency resource can be used to transmit control symbolsof multiple terminal devices.

39. The method according to any one of embodiments 21 to 38, wherein thecontrol information is further used to indicate a device identifier ofthe terminal device.

40. The method according to any one of embodiments 21 to 39, wherein thenetwork device is a base station, and the terminal device is userequipment.

41. An uplink data transmission device, wherein the device comprises:

a receiver; and

a processor, connected to the receiver, and configured to control thereceiver to receive a control symbol sent by a terminal device by usinga control time-frequency resource, wherein the control symbol isgenerated after the terminal device performs encoding and modulationprocessing on control information according to a control encoding schemeand a control modulation scheme that are used by the terminal device,the control information is used to indicate a data encoding scheme usedby the terminal device, the control time-frequency resource belongs to atransmission resource that is used for uplink transmission, thetransmission resource further comprises a data time-frequency resource,and the control time-frequency resource and the data time-frequencyresource are different;

configured to perform demodulation and decoding processing on thecontrol symbol according to the control encoding scheme and the controlmodulation scheme that are used by the terminal device, to obtain thecontrol information; and

configured to perform, according to the control information, decodingprocessing on a data symbol sent by the terminal device by using thedata time-frequency resource, to obtain uplink data, wherein the datasymbol is generated after the terminal device performs encodingprocessing on the uplink data according to the data encoding scheme usedby the terminal device.

42. The device according to embodiment 41, wherein the data symbol issent by the terminal device to the device in a grant-free transmissionmode, wherein the grant-free transmission means that the devicepreallocates multiple transmission resources and notifies the terminaldevice of the multiple transmission resources, so that the terminaldevice selects at least one transmission resource from the multipletransmission resources when having an uplink data transmissionrequirement, and sends the uplink data by using the selectedtransmission resource.

43. The device according to embodiment 41 or 42, wherein the controlencoding scheme comprises a bit rate used when encoding processing isperformed on the control information; and

the control modulation scheme comprises at least one of a modulationorder or a code domain resource used when modulation processing isperformed on the control information.

44. The device according to any one of embodiments 41 to 43, wherein thecontrol encoding scheme and the control modulation scheme that are usedby the terminal device are determined according to a pilot resource usedwhen the terminal device transmits the control symbol.

45. The device according to any one of embodiments 41 to 44, wherein thedata encoding scheme used by the terminal device comprises a bit rateused when the terminal device performs encoding processing on the uplinkdata.

46. The device according to any one of embodiments 41 to 45, wherein theprocessor is further configured to perform demodulation processing onthe data symbol according to a data modulation scheme used by theterminal device, to obtain the uplink data, wherein the data symbol isgenerated after the terminal device performs modulation processing onthe uplink data according to the data modulation scheme used by theterminal device.

47. The device according to embodiment 46, wherein the data modulationscheme used by the terminal device comprises at least one of amodulation order or a code domain resource used when the terminal deviceperforms modulation processing on the uplink data.

48. The device according to embodiment 46 or 47, wherein the controlmodulation scheme used by the terminal device is the same as the datamodulation scheme used by the terminal device.

49. The device according to any one of embodiments 46 to 48, wherein thedata modulation scheme used by the terminal device is determinedaccording to a pilot resource used by the terminal device.

50. The device according to any one of embodiments 46 to 49, wherein thecontrol information is further used to indicate the data modulationscheme used by the terminal device.

51. The device according to embodiment 50, wherein the controlinformation is an index value corresponding to the data encoding schemeand the data modulation scheme that are used by the terminal device, thecontrol information is determined by the terminal device according tomapping relationship information, the mapping relationship informationis used to indicate a one-to-one mapping relationship between multipleparameter sets and multiple index values, each parameter set comprises adata encoding scheme and a data modulation scheme, and any two parametersets are different in at least one of the data encoding scheme or thedata modulation scheme.

52. The device according to embodiment 51, wherein the device furthercomprises a transmitter, connected to the processor; and

the processor is further configured to control the transmitter to sendthe mapping relationship information to the terminal device.

53. The device according to any one of embodiments 41 to 52, wherein thedevice further comprises a transmitter, connected to the processor; and

the processor is further configured to control the transmitter to sendindication information of the control time-frequency resource to theterminal device, wherein the indication information of the controltime-frequency resource is used to indicate a location of the controltime-frequency resource in multiple time-frequency resources comprisedin the transmission resource.

54. The device according to embodiment 53, wherein the indicationinformation of the control time-frequency resource is specifically usedto indicate that multiple control time-frequency resources arecontinuously distributed among the multiple time-frequency resources; or

the indication information of the control time-frequency resource isspecifically used to indicate that multiple control time-frequencyresources are discretely distributed among the multiple time-frequencyresources.

55. The device according to any one of embodiments 41 to 54, whereinwhen one control time-frequency resource is used to transmit a controlsymbol of only one terminal device, the control time-frequency resourceused when the terminal device transmits the control symbol is determinedaccording to the pilot resource used when the terminal device transmitsthe control symbol.

56. The device according to embodiment 55, wherein the device furthercomprises a transmitter, connected to the processor; and

the processor is further configured to control the transmitter to sendnon-multiplexing mode information to the terminal device, wherein thenon-multiplexing mode information is used to indicate that one controltime-frequency resource is used to transmit a control symbol of only oneterminal device.

57. The device according to any one of embodiments 41 to 54, whereinwhen one control time-frequency resource can be used to transmit controlsymbols of multiple terminal devices, different code domain resourcesare used when the multiple terminal devices generate the controlsymbols.

58. The device according to embodiment 57, wherein the device furthercomprises a transmitter, connected to the processor; and

the processor is further configured to control the transmitter to sendmultiplexing mode information to the terminal device, wherein themultiplexing mode information is used to indicate that one controltime-frequency resource can be used to transmit control symbols ofmultiple terminal devices.

59. The device according to any one of embodiments 41 to 58, wherein thecontrol information is further used to indicate a device identifier ofthe terminal device.

60. The device according to any one of embodiments 41 to 59, wherein thedevice is a base station, and the terminal device is user equipment.

61. An uplink data transmission device, wherein the device comprises:

a transmitter; and

a processor, connected to the transmitter, and configured to performencoding and modulation processing on control information according to acontrol encoding scheme and a control modulation scheme that are used bythe device, to obtain a control symbol, wherein the control informationis used to indicate a data encoding scheme used by the device; and

configured to control the transmitter to send the control symbol to anetwork device by using a control time-frequency resource, and send adata symbol to the network device by using a data time-frequencyresource, wherein the control time-frequency resource and the datatime-frequency resource belong to a transmission resource that is usedfor uplink transmission, the control time-frequency resource and thedata time-frequency resource are different, and the data symbol isgenerated after the device performs encoding processing on uplink dataaccording to the data encoding scheme used by the device.

62. The device according to embodiment 61, wherein the data symbol issent by the device to the network device in a grant-free transmissionmode, wherein the grant-free transmission means that the network devicepreallocates multiple transmission resources and notifies the device ofthe multiple transmission resources, so that the device selects at leastone transmission resource from the multiple transmission resources whenhaving an uplink data transmission requirement, and sends the uplinkdata by using the selected transmission resource.

63. The device according to embodiment 61 or 62, wherein the controlencoding scheme comprises a bit rate used when encoding processing isperformed on the control information; and

the control modulation scheme comprises at least one of a modulationorder or a code domain resource used when modulation processing isperformed on the control information.

64. The device according to any one of embodiments 61 to 63, wherein thecontrol encoding scheme and the control modulation scheme that are usedby the device are determined according to a pilot resource used when thedevice transmits the control symbol.

65. The device according to any one of embodiments 61 to 64, wherein thedata encoding scheme used by the device comprises a bit rate used whenthe device performs encoding processing on the uplink data.

66. The device according to any one of embodiments 61 to 65, wherein thedata symbol is generated after the device performs modulation processingon the uplink data according to a data modulation scheme used by thedevice.

67. The device according to embodiment 66, wherein the data modulationscheme used by the device comprises at least one of a modulation orderor a code domain resource used when the device performs modulationprocessing on the uplink data.

68. The device according to embodiment 66 or 67, wherein the controlmodulation scheme used by the device is the same as the data modulationscheme used by the device.

69. The device according to any one of embodiments 66 to 68, wherein thedata modulation scheme used by the device is determined according to apilot resource used by the device.

70. The device according to any one of embodiments 66 to 69, wherein thecontrol information is further used to indicate the data modulationscheme used by the device.

71. The device according to embodiment 70, wherein the controlinformation is an index value corresponding to the data encoding schemeand the data modulation scheme that are used by the device, the controlinformation is determined by the device according to mappingrelationship information, the mapping relationship information is usedto indicate a one-to-one mapping relationship between multiple parametersets and multiple index values, each parameter set comprises a dataencoding scheme and a data modulation scheme, and any two parameter setsare different in at least one of the data encoding scheme or the datamodulation scheme.

72. The device according to embodiment 71, wherein the device furthercomprises a receiver, connected to the processor; and

the processor is further configured to control the receiver to receivethe mapping relationship information sent by the network device.

73. The device according to any one of embodiments 61 to 72, wherein thedevice further comprises a receiver, connected to the processor; and

the processor is further configured to control the receiver to receiveindication information of the control time-frequency resource sent bythe network device, wherein the indication information of the controltime-frequency resource is used to indicate a location of the controltime-frequency resource in multiple time-frequency resources comprisedin the transmission resource; and

determine the control time-frequency resource from the multipletime-frequency resources according to the indication information of thecontrol time-frequency resource.

74. The device according to embodiment 73, wherein the indicationinformation of the control time-frequency resource is specifically usedto indicate that multiple control time-frequency resources arecontinuously distributed among the multiple time-frequency resources; or

the indication information of the control time-frequency resource isspecifically used to indicate that multiple control time-frequencyresources are discretely distributed among the multiple time-frequencyresources.

75. The device according to any one of embodiments 61 to 74, whereinwhen one control time-frequency resource is used to transmit a controlsymbol of only one device, the control time-frequency resource used whenthe device transmits the control symbol is determined according to thepilot resource used when the device transmits the control symbol.

76. The device according to embodiment 75, wherein the device furthercomprises a receiver, connected to the processor; and

the processor is further configured to control the receiver to receivenon-multiplexing mode information sent by the network device, whereinthe non-multiplexing mode information is used to indicate that onecontrol time-frequency resource is used to transmit a control symbol ofonly one device.

77. The device according to any one of embodiments 61 to 74, whereinwhen one control time-frequency resource can be used to transmit controlsymbols of multiple devices, different code domain resources are usedwhen the multiple devices generate the control symbols.

78. The device according to embodiment 77, wherein the device furthercomprises a receiver, connected to the processor; and

the processor is further configured to control the receiver to receivemultiplexing mode information sent by the network device, wherein themultiplexing mode information is used to indicate that one controltime-frequency resource can be used to transmit control symbols ofmultiple devices.

79. The device according to any one of embodiments 61 to 78, wherein thecontrol information is further used to indicate a device identifier ofthe device.

80. The device according to any one of embodiments 61 to 79, wherein thenetwork device is a base station, and the device is user equipment.

What is claimed is:
 1. An uplink data transmission method comprising:receiving, by a network device, a control symbol sent by a terminaldevice by using a control time-frequency resource, wherein the controlsymbol is generated from control information according to encoding andmodulation schemes at the terminal device, wherein the controlinformation indicates a data encoding scheme at the terminal device,wherein the control time-frequency resource belongs to a transmissionresource for uplink transmission, wherein the transmission resourcecomprises a data time-frequency resource, and wherein the controltime-frequency resource and the data time-frequency resource aredifferent; demodulating and decoding, by the network device, the controlsymbol according to the encoding and modulation schemes at the terminaldevice to obtain the control information; and decoding, by the networkdevice, according to the control information, a data symbol to obtainuplink data, wherein the data symbol is received from the terminaldevice by way of the data time-frequency resource.
 2. The methodaccording to claim 1, wherein the encoding and the modulation scheme aredetermined according to a pilot resource.
 3. The method according toclaim 1, wherein the method further comprises: demodulating, by thenetwork device, the data symbol according to a data modulation schemeused to obtain the uplink data.
 4. The method according to claim 2,wherein the modulation scheme for the control symbol is the same as thedata modulation scheme.
 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein thedata modulation scheme is determined according to a pilot resource. 6.The method according to claim 1, wherein the control information furtherindicates the data modulation scheme.
 7. The method according to claim6, wherein the control information is an index value corresponding tothe encoding and modulation schemes, wherein the control information isdetermined according to a one-to-one mapping relationship betweenmultiple parameter sets and multiple index values, wherein eachparameter set comprises an encoding scheme and a modulation scheme, andwherein any two parameter sets are different in at least one of theencoding scheme or the modulation scheme.
 8. The method according toclaim 7, wherein the method further comprises sending the mappingrelationship information to the terminal device.
 9. The method accordingto claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: sending, by thenetwork device, indication information of the control time-frequencyresource to the terminal device, wherein the indication information ofthe control time-frequency resource is used to indicate a location ofthe control time-frequency resource in multiple time-frequency resourcescomprising the transmission resource.
 10. The method according to claim1, wherein when one control time-frequency resource is used to transmita control symbol of only one terminal device, the control time-frequencyresource used when the terminal device transmits the control symbol isdetermined according to a pilot resource used when the control symbol istransmitted to the network device.
 11. An uplink data transmissiondevice comprising: a processor; a receiver; and the processor isconfigured to cooperate with the receiver to receive a control symbolsent by a terminal device by using a control time-frequency resource,wherein the control symbol is generated from control informationaccording to encoding and modulation schemes at the terminal device,wherein the control information indicates a data encoding scheme at theterminal device, wherein the control time-frequency resource belongs toa transmission resource for uplink transmission, wherein thetransmission resource further comprises a data time-frequency resource,and wherein the control time-frequency resource and the datatime-frequency resource are different; demodulating and decoding thecontrol symbol according to the encoding and modulation schemes at theterminal device to obtain the control information; and decoding,according to the control information, a data symbol to obtain uplinkdata, wherein the data symbol is received from the terminal device byway of the data time-frequency resource.
 12. The device according toclaim 11, wherein the encoding and modulation schemes are determinedaccording to a pilot resource.
 13. The device according to claim 11,wherein the modulation scheme at the terminal device is the same as thedata modulation scheme.
 14. The device according to claim 13, whereinthe data modulation scheme is determined according to a pilot resource.15. The device according to claim 14, wherein the control informationindicates the data modulation scheme.
 16. The device according to claim15, wherein the control information is an index value corresponding tothe data encoding scheme and the data modulation scheme, wherein thecontrol information is determined according to a one-to-one mappingrelationship between multiple parameter sets and multiple index values,wherein each parameter set comprises a data encoding scheme and a datamodulation scheme, and wherein any two parameter sets are different inat least one of the data encoding scheme or the data modulation scheme.17. The device according to claim 16, wherein the device furthercomprises a transmitter connected to the processor; and the processor isfurther configured to cooperate with the transmitter to send the mappingrelationship information to the terminal device.
 18. The deviceaccording to claim 11, wherein the device further comprises atransmitter connected to the processor; and the processor is furtherconfigured to cooperate with the transmitter to send the terminal deviceindication information of the control time-frequency resource, whereinthe indication information of the control time-frequency resource isindicates a location of the control time-frequency resource in multipletime-frequency resources comprising the transmission resource.
 19. Thedevice according to claim 11, wherein when one control time-frequencyresource is used to transmit a control symbol of only one terminaldevice, the control time-frequency resource is determined according tothe pilot resource used when the terminal device transmits the controlsymbol.
 20. The device according to claim 11, wherein the controlinformation further indicates a device identifier of the terminaldevice.